Piston Skirt Resin Layer for Engine Thermal Management

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Solution Overview

Problem

The existing internal combustion engines with a diamond-like carbon layer on the piston ring face issues due to an inappropriate gap between the piston skirt and the cylinder wall, leading to noise, abrasion, or cohesion, especially when the engine is started without warming up, causing temperature differences that affect the piston's shape and performance.

Innovation Solution

The engine incorporates a resin layer on the slidable portion of the piston skirt, which prevents heat transmission to the cylinder wall, maintaining heat preservability and reducing temperature differences between the piston head and skirt, thus ensuring an appropriate gap size and minimizing noise and wear.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a diamond-like carbon layer is provided on the outer circumference of the piston ring to prevent cylinder wall scuffing, then the cylinder wall protection is improved, but the heat release from the piston to the cylinder wall is reduced, causing large temperature difference between piston head and piston skirt

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecylinder wall protectionVSAvoidtemperature difference between piston head and piston skirt
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The invention applies different thermal insulation properties to different parts of the piston: the piston ring retains the diamond-like carbon layer for protection, while the piston skirt receives a resin layer coating for thermal insulation. This local differentiation allows each component to have optimized properties for its specific function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The invention uses composite material structures: the piston ring combines metal substrate with diamond-like carbon coating, while the piston skirt uses metal substrate with resin layer coating. These composite structures provide both mechanical strength and specialized surface properties for each component.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Reliability

If the temperature difference between piston head and piston skirt is large due to heat insulation, then the piston ring protection is improved, but the piston deformation is reduced, causing the gap between piston skirt and cylinder wall to be inappropriate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepiston ring protectionVSAvoidgap size between piston skirt and cylinder wall
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The resin layer is applied specifically to the piston skirt's outer peripheral surface where it contacts the cylinder wall, creating local thermal insulation precisely where needed to control the gap formation and maintain appropriate clearance during operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Device complexity

If the gap between piston skirt and cylinder wall is not appropriate due to temperature difference, then the piston ring structure is simplified, but the piston support function is reduced, causing noise and collision

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepiston structureVSAvoidpiston support function
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The resin layer acts as an intermediary between the piston skirt and the cylinder wall, providing thermal insulation that maintains appropriate temperature and gap conditions, thereby preventing direct harmful contact and reducing noise and collision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

4Loss of time

If the engine is started without warming up, then the startup time is reduced, but the temperature difference causes inappropriate gap size, leading to noise, abrasion, or cohesion

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewarming-up timeVSAvoidnoise, abrasion, or cohesion
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of timeVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The resin layer is pre-applied to the piston skirt before engine operation, creating a permanent thermal insulation structure that automatically compensates for temperature differences during cold startup, eliminating the need for extended warming-up procedures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution effectively reduces noise and prevents abrasion or cohesion by maintaining a stable temperature distribution in the piston, ensuring the gap between the piston skirt and cylinder wall is appropriate soon after engine start-up, even when the engine is cold.

Implementation Method 1

the slidable portion of the piston skirt includes a resin layer in at least a part thereof, the resin layer preventing the heat of the piston from being transmitted from the piston skirt to the cylinder wall

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal insulation: Thermal Insulation

Implementation Method 2

the piston ring includes an outer circumference coming into contact with the cylinder wall to transmit heat of the piston to the cylinder wall

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Data Source

PatentEP3061960B1Internal combustion engine for straddled vehicle, and straddled vehicle
Publication Date: 2017.06.14 YAMAHA MOTOR CO LTD
  • EP3061960B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3061960B1 patent drawingFigure 2(a)~2(d)
  • EP3061960B1 patent drawingFigure 3~5(b)

AI summary

An obj ect is to suppress a problem caused to an internal combustion engine, including a diamond-like carbon layer provided on an outer circumference of a piston ring, due to a gap between a piston skirt and a cylinder wall not having an appropriate size. A piston included in an internal combustion engine in an embodiment according to the present invention includes a piston head; a piston ring attached to an outer circumference of the piston head; and a piston skirt extending along the cylinder wall from the outer circumference of the piston head. The piston ring includes a diamond-like carbon layer on an outer circumference thereof. The piston skirt includes a slidable portion slidable against the cylinder wall. The slidable portion includes a resin layer in at least a part thereof, the resin layer preventing heat of the piston from being transmitted from the piston skirt to the cylinder wall.