PIT Tag Locating Apparatus Resonant Frequency Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current location devices, such as metal detectors and radio frequency transponder locators, are inadequate for precise close-range location of passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags due to their inability to differentiate between PIT tags and metal objects, and lack the precision required for certain applications, especially when embedded deep within objects or specimens.
Innovation Solution
A locating apparatus that uses a resonator to electromagnetically couple with PIT tags, incorporating a feedback circuit to monitor load conductance and determine the distance between the resonator and the PIT tag, allowing for improved precision in locating embedded PIT tags by displaying an indication value that indicates the distance, thereby reducing the need for exploratory methods.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Force
If metal detectors are used to locate embedded devices, then detection range is extended, but differentiation between PIT tags and metal objects is lost and precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the detection parameter from general metal detection to specific resonant frequency detection. The locating device operates at the resonant frequency of the PIT tag's coil (typically 134.2 kHz), allowing selective detection of PIT tags while ignoring other metal objects that do not resonate at this frequency. This parameter change enables both extended detection capability and precise differentiation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes electromagnetic resonance, which is analogous to mechanical vibration principles. By exciting the PIT tag's coil at its resonant frequency through electromagnetic coupling, the system produces a characteristic response that can be detected. This resonance-based approach provides both extended detection range and high precision in identifying PIT tags specifically.
2Length of stationary object
If radio frequency transponder locators are used for tracking, then long-range tracking is achieved, but close-range precision and differentiation capability deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by using different detection approaches for different ranges. For close-range high-precision location, it uses resonant frequency detection with a locating device positioned near the object surface. For longer range tracking, it can utilize the PIT tag's active transmission capability. This localized application of different detection qualities resolves the contradiction between range and precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adapts its detection method based on operational needs. The locating device can operate in two modes: passive resonant detection for high-precision close-range location, and active transponder communication for longer-range tracking. This dynamic switching capability allows the system to optimize performance for each specific operational context.
3Device complexity
If exploratory methods are used to locate embedded PIT tags, then device simplicity is maintained, but object damage increases and location precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces mechanical exploratory methods (such as physical probing or cutting) with electromagnetic field-based detection. The locating device uses electromagnetic coupling to detect the PIT tag's resonant response, allowing non-contact, non-invasive location. This substitution eliminates physical damage while maintaining operational simplicity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an electromagnetic field as an intermediary between the locating device and the PIT tag. Instead of direct mechanical contact or invasive procedures, the electromagnetic field serves as a mediator that transfers energy and information without causing physical damage to the embedded object or specimen.
4Measurement precision
If resonant frequency detection is used to differentiate PIT tags, then detection precision is improved, but device complexity and energy requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs periodic action by using pulsed electromagnetic signals at the resonant frequency to interrogate the PIT tag. The locating device sends periodic excitation pulses and listens for the tag's resonant response. This periodic approach simplifies the detection system compared to continuous scanning, while maintaining high differentiation precision through frequency-selective detection.
Solution Approach 2:
The locating device is designed with multi-functionality, combining both the transmitting coil for resonant excitation and the receiving coil for detecting the tag's response. This universal design allows a single device to perform both excitation and detection functions, reducing overall system complexity while maintaining high precision differentiation capability through resonant frequency detection.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The apparatus enables accurate determination of the position and depth of PIT tags embedded in objects or specimens, enhancing precision and reducing damage during removal, while also allowing for the optional reading of coded identification numbers.
Implementation Method 1
energy needed to transmit the coded identification number is obtained through electromagnetic coupling, which causes a transfer of energy from a powered device to the PIT tag
Implementation Method 2
The microchip has a capacitor that causes the coil to resonate at a predetermined frequency when energized
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus for locating an embedded passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag is provided. An embodiment of the locating apparatus includes a resonator capable of electromagnetically coupling to the PIT tag, and a feedback circuit connected to the resonator and configured to monitor a load conductance of the resonator. A distance between the resonator and the PIT tag is indicated by a change in the monitored load conductance when the resonator and the PIT tag are electromagnetically coupled. Another embodiment includes a resonator capable of stimulating a response signal from a PIT tag, and a processing circuit capable of calculating the distance between the resonator and the PIT tag based on the amplitude of the response signal.