Pivotable Cutting Teeth for Adjustable Bore Drilling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current bone removal tools lack the ability to selectively change their effective diameter during operation, limiting their versatility in drilling and widening bore configurations in bones.
Innovation Solution
A bone material removal device with an elongated shaft and pivotable cutting teeth that can move from a closed to an open position, allowing for adjustable diameter drilling and widening of bore configurations by reversing rotation direction, utilizing resistance and centrifugal force for operation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If the bone removal tool uses a fixed diameter design, then the manufacturing is simple, but the adaptability for different bore configurations is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The cutting element is designed to be movable rather than fixed, allowing it to transition between retracted and extended positions. This dynamic configuration enables the tool to adapt between drilling mode (retracted) and widening mode (extended), resolving the contradiction between adaptability and device complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The bone removal tool is designed to perform multiple functions - both drilling and widening of bore configurations - using a single tool with a movable cutting element. This multi-functionality approach allows one device to replace what would traditionally require multiple specialized tools, improving adaptability without proportionally increasing complexity
2Adaptability or versatility
If the cutting element is fully retracted within the shaft, then the device is simpler to operate, but the effective diameter cannot be increased for widening operations
Solution Approach 1:
The cutting element automatically transitions between retracted and extended positions based on the rotation direction. During forward rotation, the element remains retracted for drilling; during reverse rotation, it extends for widening. This periodic action based on rotation direction simplifies operation by eliminating manual adjustment mechanisms
Solution Approach 2:
The cutting element's position is automatically controlled by the rotation direction itself, without requiring separate control mechanisms. The tool self-adjusts its effective diameter based on whether it is rotating forward or backward, making operation intuitive and simple while providing effective diameter adjustment capability
3Productivity
If the cutting element protrudes beyond the shaft volume of rotation, then the bone material removal capability is enhanced, but the risk of collision with bone surfaces increases
Solution Approach 1:
The cutting element's extension beyond the shaft is dynamic rather than static. It only protrudes when needed (during reverse rotation for widening operations) and remains retracted during forward rotation for drilling. This dynamic control reduces collision risk while maintaining bone material removal efficiency when required
Solution Approach 2:
The cutting element is positioned to extend beyond the shaft volume of rotation in advance of actual bone contact during widening operations. This preliminary positioning ensures that when the element does engage bone material, it is already in the correct configuration for efficient removal, maximizing productivity while minimizing unnecessary collisions
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables efficient drilling and widening of bore diameters by up to 30% through selective rotation direction, enhancing the tool's adaptability and effectiveness in bone procedures.
Implementation Method 1
the bone removal element extends from the shaft upon rotation due to centrifugal force
Implementation Method 2
the tooth freely pivots on the hinge to open as a result of reversal of rotation direction of the device
Data Source
Figure 1A~1B
Figure 2A~2D
Figure 2E~2F
AI summary
A bone material removal device (600, 2100) comprising a drill bit (504, 610, 2100) with an elongated shaft (606, 2102) with a recess (612, 2110). The device comprises at least one bone material removal element such as a tooth (510, 630, 2106, 3004) or teeth, coupled to the shaft for selectively widening a bore in a bone. The tooth is movable from a closed position, in which the tooth is partially received within the recess, to an open position in which the tooth extends radially away from the shaft by movement of the tooth generally in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the shaft. A portion of the shaft adjoining both longitudinal sides of the tooth defines a generally cylindrical volume of rotation. A portion of the tooth extends radially beyond the volume of rotation in the closed position. The tooth pivots on a hinge (650, 2204, 2906) extending parallel to the longitudinal axis and opens due to centrifugal force as a result of reversal of rotation direction of the bone material removal device.