Pixel Acquisition Circuit for High-Speed Motion Capture
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional image sensors require high output bandwidth and resource consumption due to capturing redundant background information, which is inefficient for high-speed motion capture and increases data processing demands.
Innovation Solution
An image sensor with a pixel acquisition circuit array that generates images without extra exposure time, allowing independent determination of illumination through filter-amplifier and threshold comparison units, focusing on dynamic components and filtering out useless background information, enabling real-time activation and accurate capture of high-speed motion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If traditional active pixel sensors are used to capture high-speed motion, then frame rate can be increased, but data output bandwidth and processing resource consumption increase significantly due to redundant background information
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts only the dynamic components (moving objects) from the complete scene by comparing current frame with reference frame, discarding the static background information. This is achieved through pixel-level difference calculation that identifies and outputs only changed regions, thereby reducing data volume while maintaining high frame rate capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different processing quality to different regions of the image: dynamic regions receive full processing attention while static background regions are discarded. This local differentiation allows the system to focus resources on capturing motion information at high frame rates without processing the entire image at full resolution
2Loss of information
If traditional image sensors sample and output all pixel data, then complete image information is captured, but processing resource consumption increases due to redundant static background information
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts only the essential dynamic information from the complete image data by performing frame differencing. The system removes static background components and retains only the moving object information, thereby reducing processing resource consumption while preserving all necessary image information for motion analysis
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies partial processing action by only processing regions that contain motion information. Instead of processing the entire image frame, the system identifies and processes only the changed regions, reducing computational load while maintaining complete information about dynamic elements
3Manufacturing precision
If exposure time is extended to integrate photocurrent, then image quality improves, but capture speed decreases making it unsuitable for high-speed motion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary action by capturing multiple short-exposure frames in rapid succession before processing. Instead of using a single long exposure that would blur high-speed motion, the system captures several quick frames and then processes them to extract motion information, thereby achieving both high capture speed and sufficient image quality
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs periodic action by using a high frame rate to capture images at regular, short intervals. This periodic sampling at high speed allows the system to freeze high-speed motion in individual frames, and subsequent processing combines these periodic samples to reconstruct clear motion trajectories without requiring long exposure times
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution reduces data output significantly, allowing for real-time image processing and accurate capture of high-speed object motion trajectories without lag, enhancing efficiency in high-speed photography applications.
Implementation Method 1
a photodetection unit configured to convert the incident light to a first electrical signal corresponding to the light signal in real time
Data Source
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Figure 5A~6C
AI summary
The invention discloses a pixel acquisition circuit, an image sensor, and an image acquisition system. Therein, the pixel acquisition circuit comprises a photodetection unit, a filter-amplifier unit, a sample and hold unit, and an activation control unit. The photodetection unit is operative to output a first electrical signal corresponding to the light signal illuminating thereon in real time. The filter-amplifier unit has its input terminal coupled with the output terminal of the photodetector, and is operative to perform amplification and filtering out the signal component below a frequency threshold on the first electrical signal, so as to output a second electrical signal. A threshold comparison unit is operative to determine whether the second electrical signal is greater than a first threshold and/or less than a second threshold, and generate an activation instruction signal when the second electrical signal is greater than the first threshold or less than the second threshold. The sample and hold unit has its output terminal coupled with an interface bus. In response to receiving an activation instruction signal, the activation control unit instructs the sample and hold unit to acquire and buffer the first electrical signal, and sends a transmission request to the interface bus.