Pixel Circuit Digital-to-Analog Conversion for Display Uniformity

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Solution Overview

Problem

The challenge is to create a cost-effective driver for organic electroluminescent (EL) displays using low-temperature polysilicon TFTs, which have significant variations in threshold voltage and mobility, making it difficult to achieve uniform analog potential and requiring external correction circuits.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating a digital-to-analog (DA) conversion function within the pixel circuit, allowing the driver to be constructed solely with TFTs and eliminating the need for external driver ICs, by using a 6-bit DAC built-in pixel circuit with specific transistor and capacitance configurations that correct for threshold and mobility variations.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If low-temperature polysilicon TFT is used to drive organic EL elements, then production cost is reduced and device size can be increased, but threshold voltage and mobility characteristics become significantly variable requiring correction circuits

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveproduction costVSAvoidthreshold voltage uniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The pixel circuit performs self-correction of threshold voltage variations through automatic adjustment mechanisms. The circuit autonomously compensates for Vth variations without requiring external correction circuits, allowing low-temperature polysilicon TFT to be used while maintaining display uniformity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The pixel circuit incorporates feedback mechanisms that monitor and adjust for threshold voltage variations in real-time. This feedback system enables the circuit to compensate for manufacturing variations in low-temperature polysilicon TFT characteristics.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Ease of manufacture

If low-temperature polysilicon TFT is used in driver circuits, then external driver ICs can be eliminated for cost reduction, but uniform analog potential cannot be achieved due to characteristic variations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedriver circuit integrationVSAvoidanalog potential uniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The pixel circuit performs self-correction of threshold voltage variations through automatic adjustment mechanisms. The circuit autonomously compensates for Vth variations without requiring external correction circuits, allowing low-temperature polysilicon TFT to be used while maintaining display uniformity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The correction function is extracted from external driver ICs and integrated directly into the pixel circuit. This eliminates the need for external correction circuits while maintaining the ability to compensate for threshold voltage variations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Manufacturing precision

If correction circuits are introduced within pixels to correct Vth variations, then display uniformity is improved, but pixel circuit complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedisplay uniformityVSAvoidpixel circuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The correction circuit functions are merged with the basic pixel circuit components. By combining the correction functionality with existing transistors and capacitors in the pixel, the overall circuit complexity is minimized while achieving display uniformity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

Existing pixel circuit components are designed to serve multiple functions - both basic pixel operation and threshold voltage correction. This multi-functionality reduces the need for additional dedicated correction components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Data Source

PatentEP2486560B1Pixel circuit and display device
Publication Date: 2021.01.27 GLOBAL OLED TECHNOLOGY LLC
  • EP2486560B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2486560B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP2486560B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

[Problem to be solved] Obtain a constitution for a data driver which does not easily affected by transistor characteristics. [Solution] A plurality of coupling capacitances 7 is connected to data enable lines which is equipped to at least two set potentials. A plurality of bit transistors 6 which is turned on and off in accordance with the display data of a plurality of bits controls the relation of connection between a plurality of coupling capacitances and data enable lines to control the total capacitance of the said plurality of coupling capacitances. Display element operates in accordance with the voltage accumulated to the total capacitance of the said coupling capacitance according to the difference between the two set potentials equipped to the data enable line. By the operations above, a display is controlled by multi-bit display data per each pixel.