Pixel Color Determination in Ray Tracing Systems

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Solution Overview

Problem

Ray tracing techniques require significant computational power, making it challenging to render complex three-dimensional scenes quickly, especially for applications like animation that require realistic rendering at high frame rates.

Innovation Solution

The method involves associating a scaling factor with objects intersected by original and secondary rays in a three-dimensional scene, allowing for independent calculation of color contributions from these objects, which can be processed by separate processing elements, thereby reducing the time needed to determine pixel colors and improving rendering performance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If ray tracing is used to render realistic images, then image realism is improved, but computational power requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimage realismVSAvoidcomputational power requirements
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSPower

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the ray tracing computation by introducing separate processing elements (PEs) that independently calculate color contributions from different objects. Each PE handles specific objects or ray-object interactions, dividing the overall computational task into manageable segments that can be processed in parallel, thereby reducing the computational burden on a single system while maintaining realistic rendering quality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Manufacturing precision

If ray tracing is used to render realistic images, then image realism is improved, but rendering speed decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimage realismVSAvoidrendering speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the rendering process into independent segments handled by separate processing elements. Each PE computes color contributions for specific objects simultaneously, enabling parallel processing that significantly increases rendering speed while preserving the realistic image quality characteristic of ray tracing

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a temporal dimension to the rendering process by allowing color contribution calculations to be performed independently and accumulated over time. This enables progressive rendering where complete images can be generated faster by summing contributions from multiple independent PE calculations rather than sequential processing

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Measurement precision

If all color contributions are calculated sequentially, then computational accuracy is maintained, but processing time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecomputational accuracyVSAvoidprocessing time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the sequential color contribution calculations into parallel independent computations. Each processing element calculates color contributions for specific objects simultaneously without interfering with others, maintaining computational accuracy through independent precise calculations while dramatically reducing total processing time through parallel execution

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent allows color contribution calculations to be performed in advance and skipped during the final rendering pass. By pre-calculating and storing color contributions from multiple objects in separate PEs, the system rushes through the rendering process by simply accumulating pre-computed values rather than performing all calculations sequentially at the end

Inventive Principle:
Principle #21Skipping (Rushing through)

Data Source

PatentEP2076888B1Pixel color determination in a ray tracing image processing system
Publication Date: 2015.07.01 ACTIVISION PUBLISHING INC
  • EP2076888B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2076888B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2076888B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

By merging or adding the color contributions from objects intersected by secondary rays, the image processing system may accumulate color contributions to pixels from objects intersected by secondary rays as the further color contributions are determined. Furthermore, by associating a scaling factor of color contribution with objects and with secondary rays which intersect the objects, color contributions due to secondary ray/object intersections may be calculated at a later time than the color contribution to a pixel from original ray/object intersection.