Pixel Electrode Design for Display Uniformity and Aperture Ratio
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-end display devices face challenges in achieving high transmittance, low color shift, and good viewing angle performance due to irregular liquid crystal lodging on pixel electrodes, leading to poor uniformity and low aperture ratio.
Innovation Solution
A pixel electrode design featuring a stripe main electrode with parallel branch electrodes and a metal trace, where the vertical main trace is removed, and the data line is positioned under the pixel electrode, along with a common electrode moved to the edge of the array substrate, effectively reducing color shift and increasing aperture ratio.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If conventional pixel designs are used, then manufacturing process is simple, but transmittance is low and color shift problem occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel electrode is segmented into multiple main traces and branch electrodes, creating a multi-branch structure that reduces liquid crystal aggregation at any single location while maintaining manufacturing feasibility through standardized patterns
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a metal trace specifically at the central longitudinal position of the pixel electrode, creating a localized structure that addresses the color shift problem at the critical center region without complicating the entire pixel design
2Measurement precision
If pixel fineness is increased, then resolution is improved, but transmittance decreases and color shift becomes more prominent
Solution Approach 1:
By dividing the pixel electrode into multiple main traces and branch electrodes, the patent prevents liquid crystal aggregation in finer pixels, maintaining uniform liquid crystal distribution and transmittance even as pixel size decreases for higher resolution
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extends the electrode structure into multiple dimensions with main traces in one direction and branch electrodes in another direction, creating a two-dimensional network that effectively addresses color shift and transmittance issues in high-resolution displays
3Length of stationary object
If data lines and common electrodes are reduced in width, then line width is minimized, but aperture ratio is significantly reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes the vertical space dimension by positioning the data line underneath the pixel electrode, allowing the data line width to be minimized without reducing the aperture ratio, as the data line no longer occupies horizontal space that would reduce the light transmission area
4Object-affected harmful factors
If metal is added under central longitudinal trace or black color resist is added above it, then color shift problem is addressed, but new process problems are caused and uncertainty is introduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the metal trace structure with the existing pixel electrode pattern, integrating the color shift solution into the standard pixel fabrication process without requiring separate additional processing steps, thereby reducing overall process complexity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The new design enhances display uniformity and aperture ratio by alleviating color shift and optimizing the physical shading effect, resulting in improved transmittance and energy efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
Studies have shown that irregular lodging of liquid crystals on a central longitudinal main trace of a pixel electrode is an important reason of color shift problem
Data Source
AI summary
The present application provides a pixel electrode, a display panel, and a display device. The pixel electrode includes a stripe main electrode, a first metal trace, and branch electrodes; the stripe main electrode includes a first main electrode and a second main electrode; the first metal trace is disposed between two main traces parallel to a first direction, and is coupled to the first main electrode and the second main electrode to form four display regions.