PKES Anti-Theft Authentication Against Relay and Bus Attacks
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing vehicle anti-theft systems, particularly those with passive keyless entry and start (PKES) systems, are vulnerable to theft methods such as relay attacks, unauthorized access to the electronic data bus, and key fob programming, which current immobilizers cannot effectively prevent.
Innovation Solution
A robust and reliable anti-theft system with double authentication is introduced, featuring an anti-theft module that sends disabling radio signals to the vehicle's passive key transceiver and uses an immobilizer that remains inactive until the presence of a potential user is detected, ensuring only authorized users can operate the vehicle.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional immobilizers with kill switches are used, then theft deterrence is improved, but the system becomes vulnerable when thieves learn the kill switch location or disarming method
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical kill switch system with an electronic authentication system. The anti-theft module communicates with the PKES system through electronic signals and radio frequency communications, eliminating the physical kill switch that thieves could locate and manipulate. The system uses electronic authentication protocols and disabling radio signals to prevent unauthorized vehicle operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary anti-theft module that sits between the key fob and the vehicle's PKES system. This module intercepts and validates authentication signals, and can send disabling radio signals to the passive key transceiver. It acts as a security gatekeeper that adds an additional layer of authentication before the vehicle system grants access.
2Ease of operation
If passive keyless entry systems are used, then ease of operation is improved, but security against relay attacks and unauthorized access deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The anti-theft module performs preliminary authentication and validation before the PKES system grants vehicle access. It proactively sends disabling radio signals to unauthorized keys and validates authentication protocols before allowing vehicle operation. This preliminary security check prevents relay attacks and unauthorized access while maintaining convenient keyless entry for authorized users.
3Reliability
If disabling radio signals are continuously transmitted, then unauthorized access is prevented, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The anti-theft module transmits disabling radio signals periodically or event-driven rather than continuously. It monitors for authentication attempts and sends disabling signals only when unauthorized access is detected or at scheduled intervals. This periodic operation maintains security while significantly reducing power consumption compared to continuous signal transmission.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The proposed system significantly enhances vehicle security by preventing unauthorized access and starting of vehicles, effectively countering common theft methods and providing a non-invasive, aftermarket solution for various vehicles.
Implementation Method 1
a first transceiver or a transmitter responsive to said received control signals and for use within at least one of a radio frequency range of: (a) about 125 kHz to about 132 kHz; (b) about 3 MHz to about 30 MHz; and (c) about 300 KHz to about 3 GHZ
Implementation Method 2
a jamming radio signal for jamming radio functions of said passive key transceiver
Data Source
AI summary
A vehicle is immobilized when a personal identifying device of an authorized vehicle user in proximity to the vehicle is not authenticated and an intended use of the vehicle is detected. Various mechanisms can be used to immobilize the vehicle, such as the use to transmitting a null message to the passive keyless entry and start system in at least one time slot based on a timing established by a detected challenge message.