Planar Antenna Structure for Compact Wideband Multi-Band Coverage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Designing a wideband antenna structure with a small size that effectively covers multiple frequency bands, such as 2G, 3G, LTE, Wi-Fi, and 5G, is challenging due to the need for narrow operational bandwidth in existing antennas, which affects communication quality.
Innovation Solution
A planar antenna structure comprising multiple radiation elements with specific shapes and configurations, including inverted U and L shapes, coupled to a dielectric substrate, covering frequency bands from 2400 MHz to 7125 MHz, optimized for size and radiation efficiency through variable-width structures and terminal bending portions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a conventional antenna structure is used, then the antenna can be designed with simple structure, but the operational bandwidth is narrow which affects communication quality
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna structure is divided into multiple radiation elements (first, second, third, fourth, and fifth radiation elements) with different geometrical configurations. Each radiation element is designed to resonate at different frequency bands, allowing the antenna to cover a wide bandwidth from 2400 MHz to 7125 MHz. The segmentation of the antenna into distinct resonant elements enables independent optimization of each element for specific frequency ranges while collectively achieving wideband operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The second radiation element is positioned inside the first radiation element, and the fifth radiation element is positioned inside the third and fourth radiation elements. This nested configuration allows multiple radiation elements to occupy overlapping spatial regions, maximizing the use of available space while maintaining electrical isolation between elements. The nesting principle enables the antenna to achieve wideband coverage without increasing the overall footprint, as each nested element contributes to different frequency bands.
2Volume of moving object
If the antenna size is reduced for mobile devices, then the device compactness is improved, but the radiation efficiency and bandwidth coverage are degraded
Solution Approach 1:
Different radiation elements are assigned different geometrical characteristics optimized for their respective frequency bands. The first radiation element has a configuration optimized for lower frequencies (2400-2500 MHz), while the second radiation element is optimized for higher frequencies (5150-7125 MHz). Each element's local geometrical properties (length, width, curvature) are specifically tailored to its operating frequency range, ensuring high radiation efficiency despite the compact overall antenna size. This local optimization allows the antenna to maintain high performance across multiple bands within a small footprint.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The antenna structure achieves wideband operations with high radiation efficiency across multiple frequency bands, supporting next-generation 5G communication and Wi-Fi 6E, while maintaining a compact size suitable for mobile devices and IoT applications.
Implementation Method 1
The first radiation element has a feeding point. The second radiation element is coupled to the feeding point. The third radiation element is coupled to a ground voltage. The fourth radiation element is coupled to the third radiation element. The fifth radiation element is coupled to the third radiation element.
Data Source
AI summary
An antenna structure includes a first radiation element, a second radiation element, a third radiation element, a fourth radiation element, and a fifth radiation element. The first radiation element has a feeding point. The second radiation element is coupled to the feeding point. The second radiation element is at least partially surrounded by the first radiation element. The third radiation element is coupled to a ground voltage. The fourth radiation element is coupled to the third radiation element. The fifth radiation element is coupled to the third radiation element. The fifth radiation element is at least partially surrounded by the third radiation element and the fourth radiation element.