Planar Inductive Component With Core Gaps Against Skin Effect
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-frequency inductive components on printed circuit boards face challenges due to the skin effect, which limits current flow to the conductor's edge, reducing their current-carrying capacity, and existing solutions do not effectively counteract this issue.
Innovation Solution
A planar inductive component with a ferromagnetic core having gaps on its top and/or bottom sides is used, counteracting current displacement caused by the skin effect by distributing current flow across a larger conductor area, enhancing current-carrying capacity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If a planar conductor track structure is used for high-frequency inductive components, then the component can be integrated directly on the printed circuit board, but the skin effect limits current flow to the conductor's edge, reducing current-carrying capacity
Solution Approach 1:
The ferromagnetic core is positioned asymmetrically relative to the planar conductor track, creating non-uniform magnetic field distribution. The core is placed closer to one edge of the conductor track, which generates a stronger magnetic field in that region. This local variation in magnetic field strength creates a corresponding variation in current density, encouraging current flow toward the center of the conductor track rather than being confined to the edges, thereby increasing overall current-carrying capacity while maintaining PCB integration
2Quantity of substance
If the ferromagnetic core is positioned closer to one edge of the conductor track, then current displacement effects counteract the skin effect and distribute current flow over a larger area, but the magnetic field distribution becomes inhomogeneous
Solution Approach 1:
The patent intentionally exploits the inhomogeneous magnetic field distribution caused by asymmetric core positioning to achieve a beneficial effect. Rather than trying to create a uniform magnetic field, the design uses the non-uniform field to generate current displacement effects that counteract the skin effect. The inhomogeneous field creates regions of different magnetic permeability that guide current flow toward the conductor's center, converting what would normally be considered a defect (inhomogeneity) into a useful mechanism for increasing current-carrying capacity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively increases the current-carrying capacity of high-frequency electrical currents by distributing the current flow over a larger conductor area, improving the performance of inductive components in high-frequency applications.
Implementation Method 1
In applications with high frequencies, due to the so-called skin effect, the electric current only flows in an edge area of the electrical conductor with increasing frequency
Implementation Method 2
the inhomogeneous distribution of a magnetic field caused by the air gap
Implementation Method 3
the ferromagnetic core has at least one gap in the area of the top and/or bottom of the planar interconnect structure
Implementation Method 4
An inductive component with a planar conductor track structure and a ferromagnetic core
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3~4
Figure 5a~5b
AI summary
The invention relates to an inductive component having a planar conductive track structure. The planar conductive track structure is surrounded along a predetermined section by a ferromagnetic core. For targeted control of the current flow inside the planar conductive track structure and, in particular, of the current density in the cross-section of the planar conductive track structure, gaps are provided in a targeted manner in the ferromagnetic core. The gaps in the ferromagnetic core are arranged in regions above and/or below the planar conductive track structure.