Planar Microwave Sensor for Pulp Thickness Measurement

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing devices for measuring the thickness of cellulosic pulp in paper making machines face challenges due to the use of radioactive sources, inaccurate ultrasound sensors, and microwave sensors with limited penetration and thermal sensitivity, making them impractical and inefficient.

Innovation Solution

A device incorporating a planar microwave sensor with a slot-type resonant circuit using fractal or pseudo-fractal geometric patterns, integrated with a temperature sensor and A/D converter, allowing for precise thickness measurement by shifting resonance frequency based on dielectric constant, and enabling integration into the paper making machine's blades.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If GRS (Gamma Back Scattering) sensors are used to measure cellulosic pulp thickness, then measurement accuracy is improved, but the device becomes expensive and impractical due to the radioactive source

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecellulosic pulp thickness measurement accuracyVSAvoiddevice practicality and cost
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the radioactive source from the measurement system entirely, extracting the harmful element while preserving the measurement function through alternative non-radioactive sensing methods

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention replaces expensive radioactive sources with cheaper, non-radioactive sensor components that can be manufactured at lower cost and do not require special handling or licensing

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

2Ease of manufacture

If ultrasound sensors are used to measure cellulosic pulp thickness, then the device is easier to manufacture, but measurement accuracy deteriorates, especially in the paper making environment

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice manufacturing simplicityVSAvoidcellulosic pulp thickness measurement accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the physical parameter used for measurement from ultrasound to electromagnetic radiation (microwave), which interacts differently with the cellulosic pulp and water, providing superior accuracy in the paper making environment while maintaining manufacturing feasibility

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Quantity of substance

If microwave sensors with resonance chambers are used to measure water content, then the sensor can estimate water quantity, but the device becomes expensive, has limited penetration capacity, and cannot be integrated into the blades

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewater content estimation capabilityVSAvoidsensor integration feasibility and cost
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transitions from three-dimensional resonance chambers to two-dimensional planar sensor elements, enabling integration into the blade structure while maintaining measurement capability through surface-mounted or embedded configurations

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention uses thin film or planar sensor structures that can be flexibly integrated into the blade geometry, replacing rigid resonance chambers with adaptable electromagnetic sensing elements that conform to the blade surface

Inventive Principle:
Principle #30Flexible shells and thin films

4Quantity of substance

If microwave sensors with metal-based alloy resonance chambers are used, then water content can be measured, but thermal expansion or contraction causes frequency shifts that affect measurement accuracy

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewater content measurement capabilityVSAvoidmeasurement accuracy due to thermal effects
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the material composition of the resonance chamber from metal-based alloys to materials with low thermal expansion coefficients, such as ceramics or composite materials, thereby minimizing thermal frequency shifts and improving measurement stability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The invention employs composite materials for the resonance chamber structure that combine low thermal expansion properties with appropriate electromagnetic characteristics, reducing thermal sensitivity while maintaining measurement functionality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The device provides accurate, uniform microwave field penetration, reduced temperature sensitivity, and increased measurement accuracy, enabling effective monitoring of pulp thickness and water content, enhancing drainage efficiency and paper quality.

Implementation Method 1

measure the frequency response of a layer of material... by measuring the frequency response of the cellulosic pulp layer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMicrowave frequency response measurement: Microwave Radiation

Implementation Method 2

the resonance frequency which affects the response... characterized by a frequency response curve, basically centred around a resonance frequency

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectResonance frequency shift: Resonance

Implementation Method 3

The planar type sensor... generates a uniform electromagnetic field

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic field generation: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP2162731B1Paper making machine
Publication Date: 2014.11.19 GIUSEPPE CRISTINI
  • EP2162731B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2162731B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2162731B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A device (1; 1b) for measuring the thickness of a layer of material (20) is provided with reading means (2) and control means (3) connected to the reading means (2). The reading means (2) include a microwave planar type sensor (6) and an A/D converter (8) connected to the microwave sensor (6) and arranged in proximity of the microwave sensor (6).