Dual-Polarized Omnidirectional Antenna With Planar Nested Radiation Arms
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional dual-polarized omnidirectional antennas require large space for deployment due to the horizontal loop antenna, hindering miniaturization.
Innovation Solution
The antenna design includes two dipole radiation arms and two monopole radiation arms disposed in the same plane, with specific lengths and spacings optimized for electromagnetic wave radiation and superposition, and a shared ground plane, allowing for planarization and reduced size.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a conventional horizontal loop antenna is used to generate horizontal polarization omnidirectional beam, then the antenna can achieve dual-polarized omnidirectional radiation, but large space is needed for deployment which hinders miniaturization
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna is segmented into multiple independent radiation arms (first horizontal radiation arm, second horizontal radiation arm, first vertical radiation arm, second vertical radiation arm) that can be independently configured and optimized. Each arm is fed by separate feed points, allowing independent impedance matching and radiation pattern control, which enables compact arrangement while maintaining dual-polarized omnidirectional performance
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from a planar horizontal loop structure to a three-dimensional configuration with radiation arms extending in multiple directions (horizontal and vertical). The radiation arms are positioned at different heights above the ground plane, creating a spatial arrangement that achieves omnidirectional radiation in both horizontal and vertical polarizations without requiring large horizontal deployment space
2Loss of energy
If the dipole radiation arm length is optimized to one quarter of guided-wave wavelength for resonance, then radiation efficiency is maximized, but the antenna size increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent specifies that the dipole radiation arm length is configured to be one quarter of the guided-wave wavelength in the operating frequency band. This parameter optimization enables resonance between the radiation arm and electromagnetic waves, maximizing radiation efficiency by converting current to electromagnetic waves with minimal energy loss
3Ease of manufacture
If multiple antenna elements are arranged in the same plane for planarization, then manufacturing and deployment is simplified, but space for other components is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna elements are arranged in a nested configuration where the first and second horizontal radiation arms are positioned between the first and second vertical radiation arms in the same plane. This nested arrangement consolidates all radiation elements within a compact planar footprint, simplifying manufacturing while minimizing the space occupied by the antenna structure
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design minimizes the size of the dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna while maintaining effective radiation and superposition efficiency, facilitating miniaturization without compromising performance.
Implementation Method 1
When an alternating current flows on the dipole radiation arm, electromagnetic wave radiation may occur. When the length of the dipole radiation arm is one eighth of the guided-wave wavelength to three eighths of the guided-wave wavelength, the dipole radiation arm can have good radiation effects.
Implementation Method 2
the length of the dipole radiation arm is one quarter of the guided-wave wavelength. In this case, the dipole radiation arm can generate a resonance with the electromagnetic wave, so that the dipole radiation arm converts the current into an electromagnetic wave or converts the received electromagnetic wave into a current with high efficiency.
Implementation Method 3
Electromagnetic waves on the dipole radiation arms are superposed through mirror reflection on the ground plane. When the distances between the two dipole radiation arms and the ground plane are one eighth of the guided-wave wavelength to three eighths of the guided-wave wavelength, superposition efficiency is good.
Data Source
AI summary
An antenna and a communication device are disclosed, and relate to the field of communication device technologies. The antenna includes a ground plane and at least one group of antenna elements disposed on the ground plane. One group of antenna elements include two dipole radiation arms and two monopole radiation arms. A feed point is provided on the dipole radiation arms and/or the monopole radiation arms. The dipole radiation arms are provided with a support structure. For a same group of antenna elements, both the two dipole radiation arms are disposed in parallel to the ground plane via the support structure; both the two monopole radiation arms are vertically disposed on the ground plane; and both the two dipole radiation arms are located between the two monopole radiation arms, and the two dipole radiation arms and the two monopole radiation arms are in a same plane.