Planar Qubit Coupling to 3D Resonators With Lower Radiation Loss
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Solution Overview
Problem
Superconducting qubits exhibit shorter coherence times, limiting their performance in quantum information processing, and existing three-dimensional circuit designs face fabrication challenges and unwanted interactions with electric fields.
Innovation Solution
A planar qubit is coupled to a non-planar resonator, with the qubit's dipole moment directed perpendicular to its plane, allowing conventional fabrication techniques while minimizing radiation loss and cross-talk, using structures like patch antennas and whispering gallery mode resonators to achieve dispersive coupling.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If a planar qubit is coupled to a planar resonator, then fabrication is simplified, but radiation loss and cross-talk increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from a planar resonator configuration to a three-dimensional non-planar resonator structure. This dimensional change allows the resonator to be positioned above the planar qubit rather than in the same plane, reducing electromagnetic field overlap and radiation loss while maintaining fabrication simplicity through separate fabrication processes for the planar qubit and non-planar resonator
2Loss of energy
If a planar qubit is coupled to a three-dimensional resonator, then radiation loss is reduced, but fabrication complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system is divided into two independently fabricable components: a planar qubit layer and a non-planar resonator structure. The planar qubit can be fabricated using standard planar fabrication techniques on a substrate, while the non-planar resonator is fabricated separately and then positioned above the qubit. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently, reducing overall fabrication complexity despite the three-dimensional resonator structure
Solution Approach 2:
A coupling structure or intermediary mechanism is introduced to connect the planar qubit and non-planar resonator. This intermediary enables controlled electromagnetic coupling between the two components while maintaining their structural independence, allowing the non-planar resonator to reduce radiation loss without requiring complex integrated fabrication of the entire system
3Power
If the qubit's dipole moment is aligned with the resonator's electric field, then coupling strength is maximized, but unwanted interactions increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the local electromagnetic field distribution by positioning the non-planar resonator at a specific height and orientation above the planar qubit. This local optimization ensures that the resonator's electric field aligns with the qubit's dipole moment at the coupling region, maximizing coupling strength, while the three-dimensional structure naturally confines the field interactions and reduces unwanted long-range interactions with other system components
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration extends coherence times and facilitates scalable, efficient quantum computation by aligning the qubit's dipole moment with the resonator's electric field, reducing radiation loss and cross-talk, and enabling independent tuning of magnetic to electric coupling.
Implementation Method 1
aligning the qubit's dipole moment with the resonator's electric field
Implementation Method 2
using structures like patch antennas and whispering gallery mode resonators
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3A~3B
AI summary
According to some aspects, a quantum mechanical system is provided, comprising a resonator having a plurality of superconducting surfaces and configured to support at least one electromagnetic oscillation mode within a three-dimensional region, wherein the plurality of superconducting surfaces include a first superconducting surface that defines a first plane, and a physical qubit comprising at least one planar component that is planar within the first plane and borders the three-dimensional region.