Planer-Guided Bone Resection With Navigated Pin Placement
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing knee arthroplasty procedures require multiple cutting guides and manual alignment, which can be inaccurate and cumbersome, particularly for bone resections in total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
Innovation Solution
A method using a planer with a central pin receiving channel, guided by a surgical navigation system and optionally a robot, to accurately place guide pins for precise bone resection, allowing for the use of a single cutting guide for both femur and tibia resections.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If multiple cutting guides are used for femur and tibia resections, then the procedure can be performed with conventional tools, but the device complexity and number of components increases
Solution Approach 1:
The planer is designed with a universal mounting interface that can attach to either the femur or tibia, allowing a single device to perform multiple resection functions. The planer body includes a mounting mechanism that accommodates different bone surfaces, eliminating the need for separate cutting guides for each bone.
Solution Approach 2:
The guide pin and cutting guide functions are merged into a single integrated component. The planer combines the guide pin insertion capability with the cutting guide functionality, creating one unified tool that performs both guiding and cutting operations without requiring separate components.
2Ease of operation
If manual alignment methods are used for bone resections, then the procedure is simpler to perform, but the manufacturing precision and alignment accuracy deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
A tracking device is introduced as an intermediary between the surgical instrument and the navigation system. The tracking device captures positional and orientational data, serving as a mediator that enables automated guidance while maintaining ease of operation. This intermediary component bridges the gap between simple manual operation and precise automated control.
Solution Approach 2:
The surgical navigation system provides real-time feedback on the position and orientation of the planer relative to the target bone. The system displays alignment information and guides the surgeon in achieving precise positioning, combining the simplicity of manual operation with the precision of automated guidance through continuous feedback.
3Device complexity
If a single cutting guide is used for both femur and tibia, then the device complexity is reduced, but the measurement precision and resection accuracy may deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The planer incorporates adjustable components that can be dynamically configured for different bone types and resection depths. The guide pin positioning system allows for dynamic adjustment of insertion depth and angle, enabling the same planer to achieve precise measurements and accurate resections on both femur and tibia despite using a single universal design.
Data Source
AI summary
There is provided a method to perform bone resection using a planer. Under guidance of a surgical navigation system, and, optionally, under command of a robotic system, a trackable surgical instrument is guided to a target pose on a target bone. The bone may be a femur or tibia in a TKA. The trackable instrument comprises a drill or a pin guide for mounting a pair of pins, preferably graduated pins to select a resection depth. A pin end is inserted into the planer and the planer operated to resect until the pin end bottoms out. A robot may command movement of the trackable instrument to the target pose. The target pose may be received or determined from surgical pre-planning or intra-operative activities such as tracked measurements, user input, etc. The navigation system presents information such as measurements and/or image overlays to guide the placement.