Planetary Speed Changer Structure Without Electromagnetic Clutches
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing speed change mechanisms in electrical vehicles suffer from kinetic loss, reliability issues, and structural complexity due to reliance on clutches with electromagnetic forces, leading to inefficient power transmission and potential interruptions during speed changes.
Innovation Solution
A speed changer structure utilizing a transmitting mechanism with one-way bearings and planetary gears, along with arresting assemblies, to achieve efficient power transmission without kinetic loss and simplify the structure, enabling direct and smooth speed changes by selectively engaging and disengaging planetary gears to alter gear ratios.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If clutches with electromagnetic forces are used to achieve speed change, then speed change capability is provided, but kinetic loss increases and power transmission efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the electromagnetic clutch system with a pure mechanical constraint system using planetary gears and one-way bearings. The power transmission is achieved through direct mechanical constraint forces rather than electromagnetic forces, eliminating the kinetic loss associated with electromagnetic clutch operation while maintaining reliable power transmission through positive mechanical engagement.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the power transmission path into multiple independent planetary gear sets, each capable of operating independently. This segmentation allows for smooth transitions between different speed ratios without requiring the disengagement and re-engagement of clutches, thereby reducing kinetic loss and improving power transmission reliability during speed changes.
2Device complexity
If clutches are used for speed change, then gear ratio change is achieved, but structural complexity increases due to electronic elements and electrical wires
Solution Approach 1:
The patent eliminates electronic control elements and electrical wires by using a purely mechanical control system. The planetary gears and one-way bearings are controlled through mechanical interactions within the transmission system itself, removing the need for external electronic control components and reducing structural complexity while improving operational reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The transmission system is designed to automatically control the engagement and disengagement of different planetary gear sets through its own operational parameters, such as rotation speed and torque direction. This self-service mechanism eliminates the need for external electronic control systems, simplifying the overall structure and improving reliability.
3Weight of moving object
If clutches are used to connect static and rotating members, then power transmission is established, but the size and fabrication cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the functions of clutch assembly and gear transmission into a single integrated planetary gear system. The planetary gears and one-way bearings perform both the connection and the speed ratio change functions simultaneously, eliminating the need for separate clutch assemblies and reducing overall weight while maintaining reliable power transmission establishment.
4Loss of energy
If electromagnetic forces are used in clutches, then connecting of static and rotating members is achieved, but power transmission efficiency decreases due to frictional forces
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the electromagnetic force-based connection with a direct mechanical constraint system. The planetary gears transmit power through rigid mechanical contact and constraint forces, eliminating the frictional losses inherent in electromagnetic clutch operation and significantly improving power transmission efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables efficient power transmission with reduced kinetic loss, improved reliability, and faster speed changes without interruptions, simplifying the structure and reducing the risk of failure while minimizing size and fabrication costs.
Implementation Method 1
a first sun gear (23) selectively stoppable by a first arresting assembly (25)
Implementation Method 2
at least two first planetary gears (24) rotatable in synchronization with rotation of the primary planetary gears (165) and respectively engaged to the first sun gear (23)
Data Source
AI summary
A speed changer includes a transmitting mechanism and at least one speed-increasing mechanism. The transmitting mechanism includes a primary sun gear mounted by a one-way bearing a fixed shaft. The primary sun gear is in mesh engagement with primary planetary gears rotatably mounted to an output frame and in mesh engagement with an inner circumference of a toothed ring. The speed-increasing mechanism is rotatably mounted by a tubular shaft to the fixed shaft. The tubular shaft is provided with a sun gear having a diameter smaller than the primary sun gear. Planetary gears in mesh engagement with the sun gear are rotatably mounted on the output frame and are combined with and synchronously rotatable with the primary planetary gears. The tubular shaft of the speed-increasing mechanism is provided with an arresting assembly to selectively stop rotation of the tubular shaft.