Plant Defense Inductor Mixture for Synergistic Pathogen Resistance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing plant defense mechanisms against pathogens are not adequately synergized, leading to suboptimal resistance and susceptibility to biotic stress.
Innovation Solution
A composition comprising a pattern-triggered immunity inductor and a systemic resistance inductor, selected from specific polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, and other compounds, is used to enhance plant defense mechanisms by providing a synergistic effect.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a single type of defense inductor (either PTI or SR) is applied to plants, then a specific defense response is activated, but the overall defense efficacy is suboptimal due to lack of synergistic effect
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines two different types of defense inductors (PTI inductor and SR inductor) into a single composition that can be applied to plants simultaneously. This merging of different defense mechanisms creates a synergistic effect where the combined protection is greater than the sum of individual protections, thereby improving overall defense efficacy and broadening spectrum of protection against various pathogens.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite defense composition containing multiple inductor types with different modes of action. The PTI inductor (such as flagellin, chitooligosaccharides, or oligogalacturonides) works through pattern recognition receptors, while the SR inductor (such as salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, or ethylene) activates systemic resistance pathways. This composite approach integrates different defense strategies into a unified protection system.
2Adaptability or versatility
If multiple defense inductors are applied separately to achieve broad protection, then coverage against different pathogens is improved, but the complexity of application and formulation increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple defense inductors into a single integrated composition that can be applied in one treatment step. This eliminates the need for separate applications of different inductors, simplifying the treatment protocol while maintaining broad-spectrum protection. The composition is formulated to ensure compatibility and synergistic interaction between the different inductor components.
3Reliability
If higher concentrations of single inductors are used to enhance defense response, then defense activation is improved, but plant stress and potential harm to the plant increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses lower, sub-optimal concentrations of each individual inductor type in the combined composition. By applying multiple inductors at reduced doses rather than a single inductor at high dose, the system achieves effective defense activation through synergistic interaction while minimizing plant stress and harmful effects associated with high concentrations of individual inductors.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention discloses a mixture of compounds one being a pattern-triggered immunity inductor and the other being a systemic resistance inductor that improves plant defense mechanisms, in particular by providing a synergistic effect on the plant defense mechanisms. Further aspects of the invention are the use of said for activating plant resistance against pathogens, and a kit for providing an agricultural composition for use in seeds, crops and plants.