Plasma Cleaning and Coating of Metal Strip

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional PVD coating processes for metal strips face significant contamination issues due to residues from the cleaning process, which disrupt the coating process and require frequent maintenance, especially when dealing with advanced and ultra-high strength steels with thick oxide layers.

Innovation Solution

A method and apparatus that separate the cleaning and coating processes, using a plasma cleaning technique in a low to medium vacuum environment, followed by a gas stream to remove residues, and employing a gas bearing lock to maintain pressure differences and prevent contamination, allowing for reduced air locks and improved residue removal.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If conventional PVD coating processes are used, then coating can be applied to metal strip, but residues from cleaning process contaminate the deposition chamber requiring frequent maintenance

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontinuous operation capabilityVSAvoidcontamination level
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The apparatus is divided into separate cleaning and coating zones with different pressure levels. The cleaning chamber operates at higher pressure (0.1-100 mbar) while the deposition chamber maintains lower pressure (10^-4 to 10^-6 mbar), physically segmenting the contamination sources from the clean environment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

A gas stream acts as an intermediary medium to transport residues from the cleaning chamber through the deposition chamber to the exhaust system. The gas flow carries contaminated particles away from the deposition zone without requiring direct contact or breaking the vacuum seal.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Manufacturing precision

If plasma cleaning technique is used to remove thick oxide layers, then cleaning effectiveness is improved, but residues contaminate the deposition chamber

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesurface cleaning qualityVSAvoidresidue contamination
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

Residues are extracted from the cleaning chamber environment and removed via a dedicated gas stream pathway. The gas flow captures sputtered particles and oxide residues, transporting them directly to the exhaust system without allowing them to settle in the deposition chamber.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

A pneumatic gas stream is used to remove residues from the cleaning process. Gas is introduced into the cleaning chamber at controlled flow rates to entrain and transport particulate residues away from the metal strip surface and through the deposition chamber to external exhaust.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

3Device complexity

If pressure in cleaning chamber is increased to reduce air locks, then number of air lock sections is reduced, but residue removal becomes more challenging

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveair lock section countVSAvoidresidue accumulation
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The gas stream operates continuously throughout the cleaning and transition process, maintaining constant residue removal capability. Gas flows continuously through the cleaning chamber and deposition chamber, ensuring residues are constantly swept away rather than accumulating during the transition between pressure zones.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach minimizes contamination in the deposition chamber, reduces maintenance stops, and achieves superior adhesive bonding properties for Zn-based and Zn-Mg coated steel strips by maintaining consistent pressure and effectively removing residues, thus enabling continuous operation with reduced costs.

Implementation Method 1

cleaning the metal strip by magnetron or plasma etching in a cleaning chamber

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPlasma etching: Plasma

Implementation Method 2

evaporating a metal in the connected coating chamber

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Implementation Method 3

applying the vapour to the substrate via a confinement chamber

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhysical vapour deposition: Physical Vapour Deposition

Implementation Method 4

a gas stream is maintained through the cleaning chamber to remove residues resulting from the cleaning of the metal strip

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGas flow transport: Convection

Implementation Method 5

by using a gas bearing lock between the cleaning chamber and the deposition chamber

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGas bearing: Air Lubrication

Data Source

PatentEP3337913B1Method and apparatus for the cleaning and coating of metal strip
Publication Date: 2021.10.06 TATA STEEL NEDERLAND TECH BV
  • EP3337913B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3337913B1 patent drawingFigure 3a
  • EP3337913B1 patent drawingFigure 3b

AI summary

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for cleaning and coating a metal strip wherein the metal strip is cleaned in a cleaning chamber connected to a deposition chamber and wherein the vacuum pressure in the cleaning chamber is kept in the range of 0.01 - 100 mbar and the vacuum pressure in the deposition chamber in the range of 0.01 - 10 mbar.