Plasma Torch Hole Cutting Speed and Gas Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Plasma arc cutting systems face challenges in cutting high-quality internal features like holes in workpieces due to defects such as protrusions, divots, bevel, and taper, which require secondary processes like reaming or drilling to correct, reducing efficiency and increasing time consumption.

Innovation Solution

The method involves manipulating cutting parameters like gas composition, cutting speed, and current levels to improve the quality of small internal features while maintaining productivity for large features, using different shield gas compositions for hole cutting and contour cutting, and implementing specific cutting strategies with a plasma arc torch system.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If traditional plasma arc cutting parameters are used for internal features, then cutting speed is maintained, but cut quality deteriorates due to defects like protrusions, divots, bevel, and taper

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehole feature qualityVSAvoidcutting speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically adjusts cutting parameters including shield gas composition, cutting speed, and current levels based on the specific geometry being cut. Different parameters are applied for hole cutting versus contour cutting, allowing optimization of both quality and productivity for different feature types

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes multiple cutting parameters simultaneously including shield gas composition (using oxygen-rich mixtures for holes), cutting speed (slower for holes, faster for contours), and current levels to achieve high-quality internal features while maintaining productivity for external contours

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Manufacturing precision

If secondary processes like reaming or drilling are used to correct defects, then hole feature quality improves, but time consumption and process complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehole feature qualityVSAvoidsecondary process time
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The plasma cutting process is configured to perform preliminary action by creating high-quality hole features directly during the initial cutting operation. By optimizing shield gas composition and cutting parameters beforehand, the process eliminates the need for subsequent reaming or drilling operations to correct defects

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Manufacturing precision

If different shield gas compositions are used for hole cutting and contour cutting, then cut quality for both features improves, but gas system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecut qualityVSAvoidgas composition control
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The gas system dynamically switches between different shield gas compositions based on the cutting operation type. The system uses oxygen-rich mixtures for hole cutting and air or nitrogen-containing mixtures for contour cutting, with automatic transitions controlled by the CNC system based on the cutting path geometry

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enhances the quality of hole features by minimizing defects like bevel and taper, eliminating the need for secondary processes, and maintaining the productivity and dross levels achieved in contour cuts, thus improving overall efficiency and reducing part costs.

Implementation Method 1

Plasma cutting uses a constricted electric arc to heat a gas flow to the plasma state. The energy from the high temperature plasma flow locally melts the workpiece.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectric Arc: Electric Arc

Implementation Method 2

Plasma cutting uses a constricted electric arc to heat a gas flow to the plasma state. The energy from the high temperature plasma flow locally melts the workpiece.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPlasma: Plasma

Implementation Method 3

The momentum of the high temperature plasma flow and the shield flow help remove the molten material, leaving a channel in the workpiece known as a cut kerf

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMomentum: Conservation of Momentum

Implementation Method 4

Downstream of the nozzle orifice, the plasma and shield gas flows come into contact enabling heat and mass transfer.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Convection

Implementation Method 5

Downstream of the nozzle orifice, the plasma and shield gas flows come into contact enabling heat and mass transfer.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMass transfer: Diffusion

Data Source

PatentEP2237920B1Method and apparatus for cutting high quality internal features and contours
Publication Date: 2020.07.15 HYPERTHERM INC
  • EP2237920B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2237920B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2237920B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An automated method for cutting a plurality of hole features using a plasma arc torch system can be implemented on a computer numerical controller. The automated method can include the steps of : a) cutting a lead-in (110) for a hole feature using a lead-in command speed based on a diameter of that hole feature and b) cutting a perimeter (160) for the hole feature using a perimeter command speed greater than the corresponding lead-in command speed for the hole feature. The automated method can also include the step c) of repeating steps a) and b) for each additional hole feature having a same diameter or a different diameter.