Plasma Jet Coating for Fuel Cell Water Management

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for coating fuel cell components to facilitate water removal are complex, expensive, and lack sufficient durability, leading to water accumulation and reduced efficiency in fuel cell operation.

Innovation Solution

A method using a plasma jet to apply hydrophilic or hydrophobic coatings on fuel cell components, such as fuel cell plates, by reacting a coating precursor with the plasma jet to form a durable and efficient water-removing coating, which can be either hydrophilic or hydrophobic, optimizing water transport away from the active area.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If conventional coating methods (spraying, brushing, rolling, printing, dipping) are used to coat fuel cell plates, then the coating can be applied to facilitate water removal, but the coating characteristics (thickness, morphology, contact angle) are difficult to control and the durability is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoating characteristics controlVSAvoidcoating durability
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies plasma treatment to fundamentally change the surface parameters of the fuel cell plate, including surface energy, wettability, and chemical composition. By controlling plasma treatment parameters (power, gas flow rate, treatment time, temperature), the coating characteristics such as thickness, morphology, and contact angle can be precisely controlled while achieving durable water removal performance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The plasma treatment process involves phase transitions of the coating material from vapor phase to condensed phase on the substrate surface. This phase transition enables controlled deposition of coating materials with specific properties, achieving both precise control over coating characteristics and enhanced durability through strong adhesion to the substrate

Inventive Principle:
Principle #36Phase transitions

2Reliability

If known coating methods are used, then coating can be formed on fuel cell plates, but the process becomes prohibitively expensive

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoating durabilityVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces conventional mechanical coating methods (spraying, brushing, rolling) with plasma-based coating technology. This substitution eliminates the need for complex mechanical coating equipment and multi-step processes, reducing manufacturing complexity and cost while achieving superior coating durability through direct plasma deposition or plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

By optimizing plasma treatment parameters (power, gas flow rate, treatment time, temperature), the process achieves durable coatings at lower costs compared to vacuum-based methods. The ability to control coating characteristics through parameter adjustment eliminates the need for expensive trial-and-error processes and reduces material waste

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Use of energy by moving object

If reactant gas flow is reduced to operate at lower power output, then energy consumption decreases, but water accumulates and stagnates in flow channels reducing efficiency

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy consumptionVSAvoidfuel cell efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality modification by treating different regions of the fuel cell plate with plasma to create zones with different wettability properties. Hydrophilic regions promote water removal while hydrophobic regions prevent water accumulation, enabling efficient water management at lower reactant gas flow rates and power outputs without sacrificing overall fuel cell efficiency

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The method provides a cost-effective, durable coating that effectively prevents water stagnation, maintaining fuel cell efficiency and durability, even under freezing conditions, with the coating maintaining its hydrophilic properties over time.

Implementation Method 1

forming a coating on a surface of the fuel cell component with a plasma jet

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPlasma: Plasma

Implementation Method 2

applying a coating precursor to a surface of the fuel cell component; and delivering a plasma jet to the coating precursor. The coating precursor is thereby caused to react and form the coating

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical Vapour Deposition: Chemical Vapour Deposition

Data Source

PatentUS8029870B2Method of coating fuel cell components for water removal
Publication Date: 2011.10.04 GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC

AI summary

A method for coating a fuel cell component is provided. The method includes the steps of providing a fuel cell component, and forming a coating on a surface of the fuel cell component with a plasma jet. The step of forming the coating may include applying a coating precursor to a surface of the fuel cell component and then reacting the coating precursor with the plasma jet to form the coating. The step of forming the coating may also include growing the coating on the surface of the fuel cell component by delivering the plasma jet containing the coating precursor.