Plasma Metabolite Profiling for Memory Impairment Risk Detection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for detecting early risk of Alzheimer's disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment are invasive, time-consuming, expensive, and lack sensitivity and specificity, necessitating the development of non-invasive, cost-effective blood-based biomarkers for early detection.

Innovation Solution

Analyzing a subject's plasma metabolite profile to identify changes indicative of an increased risk of memory impairment by comparing it to a normal metabolite profile, using techniques such as mass spectrometry and UPLC to assess lipid and non-lipid components, and applying statistical analysis to determine the relative risk.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If invasive methods (lumbar puncture, brain imaging) are used for early detection, then diagnostic accuracy is improved, but patient comfort and accessibility deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvediagnostic accuracyVSAvoidpatient comfort and accessibility
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses blood-based metabolite profiles as an intermediary marker that indirectly reflects brain pathology. Instead of directly measuring brain abnormalities through invasive procedures, the method measures metabolite changes in blood that correlate with early Alzheimer's disease, providing an accessible proxy for diagnostic accuracy

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces mechanical/invasive diagnostic procedures (lumbar puncture, physical brain imaging) with a biochemical analysis of blood metabolites. This substitution uses chemical analysis instead of mechanical intervention, eliminating the need for invasive procedures while maintaining diagnostic capability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Measurement precision

If comprehensive brain imaging and CSF analysis are used, then detection sensitivity is improved, but time consumption and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection sensitivityVSAvoidtime consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the essential diagnostic information from complex brain pathology and concentrates it into measurable metabolite changes in blood. By taking out the key diagnostic signal (metabolite profile changes) from the complex system of brain imaging and CSF analysis, the method achieves detection sensitivity without the time-consuming comprehensive procedures

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent segments the diagnostic process from comprehensive brain imaging and CSF analysis into a specific focus on blood metabolite profiling. This segmentation isolates the most informative aspect (metabolite changes) and analyzes it separately, reducing overall diagnostic time while maintaining sensitivity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Ease of operation

If blood-based biomarkers are developed, then accessibility and cost-effectiveness are improved, but current sensitivity and specificity for preclinical detection are insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaccessibility and cost-effectivenessVSAvoidsensitivity and specificity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the parameters being measured in blood from traditional single biomarkers to comprehensive metabolite profiles. By analyzing multiple metabolite parameters simultaneously and identifying specific patterns of change, the method achieves both the accessibility of blood-based testing and the sensitivity/specificity required for preclinical detection

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses a composite approach by combining multiple metabolite measurements into an integrated profile. Rather than relying on a single biomarker, the method synthesizes information from multiple metabolite parameters to create a composite diagnostic indicator that achieves high sensitivity and specificity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method provides a sensitive and specific means to predict the risk of memory impairment with high accuracy, potentially allowing for early intervention and disease prevention, and can monitor the progression or treatment efficacy of memory impairment.

Implementation Method 1

analyzing at least one plasma sample from the subject to determine a value of the subject's metabolite profile

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMass spectrometry:

Implementation Method 2

using techniques such as mass spectrometry and UPLC to assess lipid and non-lipid components

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectUPLC (Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography): Chromatography

Data Source

PatentEP3149473B1Metabolic biomarkers for memory loss
Publication Date: 2024.05.15 GEORGETOWN UNIV
  • EP3149473B1 patent drawingFigure 1

AI summary

The present invention relates to methods of determining if a subject has an increased risk of suffering from memory impairment. The methods comprise analyzing at least one plasma sample from the subject to determine a value of the subject's metabolite profile and comparing the value of the subject's metabolite profile with the value of a normal metabolite profile. A change in the value of the subject's metabolite profile, over normal values is indicative that the subject has an increased risk of suffering from memory impairment compared to a normal individual.