Plasma PVD Target RF Sensing for In-Situ Process Stability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing plasma PVD processes face instability in process parameters, making it challenging to maintain consistent thin film or nanoparticle quality due to the complexity and disruptive nature of traditional measurement methods, which can lead to costly production losses.

Innovation Solution

A method that utilizes the target as both a plasma generating electrode and a probe by applying an oscillating voltage signal with a radio frequency generator and recording the response using a radio frequency sensor, allowing for real-time monitoring of plasma conditions without additional hardware, thereby minimizing disruption to the process.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If traditional measurement methods are used to determine plasma process parameters, then measurement capability is provided, but process stability deteriorates due to disruption and complexity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveplasma process parameter measurementVSAvoidprocess parameter stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The target serves dual functionality as both the plasma-generating electrode and the measurement probe. By utilizing the target's inherent electrical properties and its interaction with plasma ions, the system performs self-diagnosis without requiring separate measurement devices that would disrupt the plasma process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The target is designed to perform multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as the cathode for plasma generation through power supply arrangement, and concurrently serves as a diagnostic probe by measuring impedance variations caused by plasma conditions. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for additional hardware inside the vacuum chamber.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Measurement precision

If additional measurement hardware is introduced into the plasma chamber, then measurement capability is improved, but device complexity increases and process disruption occurs

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveplasma condition monitoringVSAvoidmeasurement system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The existing target structure performs self-measurement by detecting plasma-induced impedance changes. The target's electrical characteristics naturally respond to plasma conditions, allowing the system to extract diagnostic information without adding external sensors or measurement apparatus to the vacuum chamber.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The measurement function is merged with the plasma generation function by using the same target component for both purposes. The electrical connection and control circuitry for the target are extended to include impedance measurement capabilities, combining what would traditionally be separate systems into a unified integrated solution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Loss of information

If traditional probes are used for plasma characterization, then plasma parameter information is obtained, but production cost increases due to process disruption

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveplasma process informationVSAvoidproduction cost
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The target autonomously provides plasma diagnostic information through its impedance measurements without requiring process interruption or additional expensive equipment. The same electrical connection used for power supply also enables measurement, eliminating the need for separate costly diagnostic systems and process stops.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The system continuously monitors target impedance and uses this feedback to determine plasma process parameters in real-time. This continuous feedback mechanism allows for immediate process adjustment and quality control without interrupting production, preventing costly rework or scrap.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables reliable, in-situ monitoring and control of plasma PVD processes, improving stability and traceability, and allowing for the tailoring of film properties by providing information on ion flux, plasma sheath impedance, electron density, and temperature without disturbing the process.

Implementation Method 1

applying an oscillating voltage signal with a radio frequency generator

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRadio frequency oscillation:

Implementation Method 2

when a plasma has been generated by means of the power supply arrangement

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPlasma ionization: Ionisation

Implementation Method 3

utilizes very high power densities of the order of kW/cm2 to obtain a very high degree of ionization

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 4

recording a response from the applied oscillating voltage signal by means of the radio frequency sensor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic radiation detection:

Data Source

PatentEP4133118B1Method for monitoring process conditions of, and method for controlling, a plasma PVD process
Publication Date: 2024.08.07 IONAUTICS AB
  • EP4133118B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4133118B1 patent drawingFigure 2~4
  • EP4133118B1 patent drawingFigure 5a~5b

AI summary

A method (200) for monitoring process conditions in a plasma PVD process as well as a method (300) for controlling a plasma PVD process are disclosed. The methods are performed in an apparatus (1) configured therefore. In accordance with the methods, an oscillating voltage signal is applied to a target (3), arranged in the apparatus (1), by means of a radio frequency generator (15). The response from the applied oscillating voltage signal is recorded by means of a radio frequency sensor (16). Based on the recorded response, information regarding at least one plasma process condition is derived. A computer program and a computer-readable medium are also disclosed.