Plasma Reactor Effusion Nozzle for Gas Conversion Yield
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current plasma reactors for gas conversion, such as those used for NOx production, face challenges in achieving high production yields while minimizing energy consumption, which is essential for commercial viability.
Innovation Solution
The integration of an effusion nozzle with a radial circumferential wall and axial wall in the plasma reactor, which recirculates gases and enhances heat transfer, increasing residence time and thermal chemical reactions to improve conversion efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional plasma reactor design is used, then结构简单性 is maintained, but production yield is insufficient and energy cost is high
Solution Approach 1:
The effusion nozzle is integrated within the plasma reactor chamber, with the gas-receiving cavity nested inside the plasma generation zone. This nested configuration allows the converted gas to be recirculated through the plasma region multiple times, increasing production yield while containing the high-energy plasma zone within a compact structure, thereby managing energy costs effectively.
Solution Approach 2:
The effusion nozzle with axial wall creates a recirculation flow that continuously passes converted and unconverted gas through the plasma region. This continuous circulation ensures that unconverted feed gas receives additional plasma treatment, increasing overall conversion efficiency and production yield without requiring proportional increases in energy input.
2Productivity
If gas residence time is increased through recirculation, then production yield improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The effusion nozzle serves multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as a gas distribution device, a flow recirculation structure with axial wall, and a component that defines the gas-receiving cavity. By merging these functions into a single integrated component rather than separate devices, the system achieves extended gas residence time and improved production yield while minimizing the increase in device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The effusion nozzle is designed as a multi-functional component that performs gas effusion, flow direction control via axial wall, and recirculation within the gas-receiving cavity. This universal design allows a single component to achieve multiple objectives (increasing residence time, enhancing conversion, managing flow patterns) without requiring multiple separate devices, thus limiting the increase in device complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration increases production yields and reduces energy costs by prolonging gas residence time and trapping heat within the nozzle, leading to enhanced thermal effects and more stable plasma operations.
Implementation Method 1
the effusion nozzle is forcing the converted and unconverted feed gas to recirculate within the gas-receiving cavity
Implementation Method 2
the effusion nozzle is trapping the heat within the gas-receiving cavity which is enhancing the thermal effects
Implementation Method 3
a first electrode (31) and a second electrode (32) for generating a gas discharge in the plasma chamber
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a plasma reactor for plasma-based gas conversion comprising a plasma chamber and an effusion nozzle coupled to the plasma chamber. The plasma chamber comprises one or more gas inlets configured for introducing a feed gas into the plasma chamber, a first and a second electrode for generating gas discharge plasma, and at least one gas outlet opening for evacuating converted and unconverted feed gas from the plasma chamber. The effusion nozzle comprises a radial circumferential wall radially delimiting a gas-receiving cavity elongating along a central axis from a first end to a second end, and the gas-receiving cavity comprises an axial entrance opening at the first end for receiving the gas flow from the reaction chamber and an axial wall at the second end. The effusion nozzle is forming an extension of the second electrode or the effusion nozzle is forming the second electrode. The effusion nozzle further comprises one or more effusion openings for evacuating converted and unconverted feed gas from the gas-receiving cavity.