Plasma Torch Heating Composite Roving Deposition

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current heating technologies for composite material deposition, such as laser and convective heating, face limitations in productivity, energy efficiency, and cost due to high investment costs, limited power, and quality issues related to heat distribution and safety concerns.

Innovation Solution

A plasma torch system is used to heat composite wicks, operating in a laminar flow regime to achieve higher temperatures and improved heat transfer efficiency, with a plasma jet directed towards the compaction line between the wick and substrate, and a cooling and protection jet system to maintain stability and prevent overheating.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If laser heating is used, then heating precision is improved, but investment cost and energy consumption increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheating precisionVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSUse of energy by stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the fundamental heating parameter from laser (optical energy) to plasma (thermal energy), operating at different temperature ranges and energy efficiencies. The plasma torch operates at atmospheric pressure with temperatures up to 20,000K, achieving effective heating with lower energy consumption and no need for complex cooling systems required by lasers.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The plasma torch system uses consumable electrodes and replaceable nozzles that can be easily replaced, avoiding the high investment cost and maintenance expenses of laser systems. The plasma generator uses simple electromagnetic components rather than expensive laser optics and cooling infrastructure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

2Productivity

If laser power is increased to improve productivity, then deposition rate increases, but cost and cooling requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedeposition rateVSAvoidcooling cost
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSUse of energy by stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the laser optical system with an electromagnetic plasma generation system. The plasma torch uses electromagnetic fields to ionize gas and generate thermal energy, eliminating the need for optical components and associated cooling systems. This substitution enables higher productivity through direct thermal heating without the energy losses and cooling requirements of laser systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Area of stationary object

If convective heating with hot gas is used, then heating coverage is improved, but temperature limit and energy efficiency worsen

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheating coverageVSAvoidmaximum temperature
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of stationary objectVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the heating function into multiple plasma jets that can be independently controlled and positioned. Each jet provides focused high-temperature heating, while the collective arrangement of multiple jets achieves broad heating coverage. This segmentation allows the system to overcome the temperature limits of single hot gas streams while maintaining extensive heating area through coordinated multiple plasma sources.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

4Power

If turbulent plasma jet is used, then heating intensity is improved, but spatial coherence and stability worsen

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheating intensityVSAvoidspatial coherence
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs periodic stabilization techniques where the plasma jet parameters are modulated and controlled in a periodic manner to maintain laminar flow stability. By carefully controlling the gas flow rate, electrode positioning, and power supply frequency, the system achieves stable laminar plasma jets that maintain spatial coherence while delivering consistent heating intensity over time.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The plasma torch system significantly increases productivity while reducing costs, achieving higher heat transfer efficiency and maintaining stable heating, thus overcoming the limitations of existing technologies.

Implementation Method 1

a plasma torch (1) mounted on said wick dispensing head (4), said plasma torch (1) being powered by an electric generator (G) and supplied by at least one plasma-generating fluid to generate a plasma jet (2) suitable for heating the wick(s) (3) to be deposited on the substrate (5)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPlasma: Plasma

Implementation Method 2

said plasma torch (1) being powered by an electric generator (G) and supplied by at least one plasma-generating fluid to generate a plasma jet (2)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectric Arc: Electric Arc

Implementation Method 3

The plasma jet (2) is directed towards a compaction line between the wick(s) (3) and the substrate (5) to heat surfaces of the wick(s) (3) and the substrate (5) proximal to this compaction line

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Implementation Method 4

plasma jet (2) suitable for heating the wick(s) (3) to be deposited on the substrate (5)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal Radiation: Thermal Radiation

Implementation Method 5

a cooling and protection jet system to maintain stability and prevent overheating

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectForced Convection: Forced Convection

Data Source

PatentEP3969282B1Plasma torch and heating method for placing composite rovings
Publication Date: 2023.10.18 AKRYVIA
  • EP3969282B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3969282B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3969282B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

The present invention concerns a system (100) for placing one or more rovings (3) made from composite material on a substrate (5), characterised in that the system comprises at least: - a roving-laying head (4) suitable for laying at least one roving (3), - an electricity generator (G), and - at least one plasma torch (1) mounted on the roving-laying head (4) and powered by the electricity generator (G), - the plasma torch (1) being further supplied with at least one plasma-forming fluid for generating at least one plasma jet (2) suitable for heating the roving or rovings (3) to be laid on the substrate.