Forward-Flow Plasma Torch Nozzle for Extended Reach Cooling

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Solution Overview

Problem

Standard plasma arc cutting torch consumables are inadequate for accessing hard-to-reach areas and suffer from overheating and premature failure due to inefficient cooling, especially when operating at high currents or entirely gas-cooled.

Innovation Solution

The design of elongated consumables with a forward-flow cooling system, where substantially all cooling gas exits through supplemental orifices at the torch tip, ensuring efficient cooling at the heat source and reducing heat transfer to the torch body and handle.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Length of moving object

If standard torch dimensions are used, then cooling capability is adequate, but access to hard-to-reach areas is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconsumable lengthVSAvoidconsumable temperature
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of moving objectVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling system is segmented into multiple cooling zones along the consumable length, with supplemental orifices distributed at different positions. This allows localized cooling where heat generation occurs, enabling extended consumable length while maintaining temperature control through distributed cooling points rather than a single cooling location

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Cooling gas acts as an intermediary substance that absorbs heat from the consumable components. The gas flows through passages and exits via supplemental orifices, transferring thermal energy from the hot consumable surfaces to the surrounding environment, thereby enabling long consumables to operate at high currents without overheating

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Length of moving object

If consumable length is extended for high access, then reach to hard-to-reach areas is improved, but cooling efficiency deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconsumable lengthVSAvoidconsumable reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The consumable is divided into multiple sections with intermediate cooling points provided by supplemental orifices. This segmentation allows heat to be removed at multiple locations along the consumable length, preventing heat accumulation and maintaining reliability even when the overall consumable length is extended for high-access applications

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The cooling approach transitions from a single-dimensional cooling path to a multi-dimensional cooling system. Supplemental orifices are positioned at different angular orientations and locations around the consumable, creating a three-dimensional cooling network that effectively cools extended consumable structures regardless of their length

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Power

If high current operation is performed, then cutting power is increased, but heat generation increases causing premature failure

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecutting powerVSAvoidconsumable temperature
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

Heat is extracted from the consumable components by introducing cooling gas that absorbs thermal energy. The cooling gas flows through passages and exits via supplemental orifices, removing excess heat generated during high-current operation before it can cause consumable failure, thereby enabling sustained high-power cutting

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

A pneumatic cooling system using gas flow is implemented to remove heat from the consumable. The cooling gas is pressurized and directed through passages in the consumable, utilizing fluid dynamics principles to efficiently transport heat away from high-current operation zones through the supplemental orifices

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

4Ease of manufacture

If conventional cooling design is used, then manufacturing is simple, but cooling efficiency at extended lengths is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing simplicityVSAvoidtip temperature
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling system is segmented into multiple cooling zones with supplemental orifices positioned at different locations along the consumable. This segmentation can be implemented using standard manufacturing techniques for each section, which can then be assembled together, maintaining manufacturing simplicity while achieving effective cooling at extended consumable lengths

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The cooling passages and supplemental orifices are nested within the consumable structure itself. The cooling channels are integrated into the existing consumable geometry, with orifices positioned on external surfaces, allowing the cooling system to be manufactured as part of the consumable assembly without requiring separate complex cooling components

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach allows for extended reach and visibility in hard-to-reach areas without premature consumable failure, even at high currents, while maintaining operator safety and reducing the need for high gas flows, thus extending consumable life and improving cutting efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

The consumables (e.g., the nozzle, electrode, swirl ring and shield) are exposed to high temperatures... substantially all of a cooling gas can be used to cool the consumables at the tip of the torch

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

substantially all of the cooling gas can exit through the supplemental orifices... ensuring efficient cooling at the heat source

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Data Source

PatentEP2613905B1Forward flow, high acces consumables for a plasma arc cutting torch
Publication Date: 2023.11.01 HYPERTHERM INC
  • EP2613905B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2613905B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2613905B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A nozzle for a plasma arc cutting torch includes a substantially hollow, elongated body capable of receiving an electrode. The nozzle body defines a longitudinal axis and has a length along the axis from a first end of the nozzle body to a second end of the nozzle body. The nozzle also includes a plasma exit orifice disposed at the first end of the body. The first end of the nozzle body has a width and a ratio of the length of the nozzle body to the width of the nozzle body is greater than about 3.