3D Printing Fusing Agent Plasmonic Absorber White Parts

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing 3D printing methods face challenges in producing white or slightly colored parts due to the absorption of visible radiation by fusing agents, leading to strongly colored outputs, and lack efficient methods for selective fusion and binding of build materials.

Innovation Solution

The use of a fusing agent containing a plasmonic resonance absorber dispersed in an aqueous or non-aqueous vehicle, which absorbs radiation in the range of 800 nm to 4000 nm and is transparent in the 400 nm to 780 nm range, allowing for selective fusion and binding of build materials while producing white or slightly colored 3D parts.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If conventional fusing agents are used that absorb visible radiation, then selective fusion and binding of build materials is achieved, but the produced parts become strongly colored instead of white or slightly colored

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvematerial binding efficiencyVSAvoidcolor intensity of produced parts
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the absorption parameters of the fusing agent by using plasmonic resonance absorbers that absorb in the infrared range (800-4000 nm) rather than the visible range (400-780 nm). This parameter shift allows the fusing agent to remain transparent to visible light while maintaining effective radiation absorption for heating and fusion, thereby resolving the contradiction between binding efficiency and color intensity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The invention employs composite fusing agents containing plasmonic resonance absorbers dispersed in aqueous or non-aqueous vehicles. These composite materials combine the radiation-absorbing properties of plasmonic particles with the binding and spreading properties of the vehicle, achieving both effective fusion and visual transparency simultaneously.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Temperature

If fusing agents absorb radiation in the visible spectrum, then heating and fusion occur, but the transparency in visible spectrum is lost resulting in colored parts

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveradiation absorption for heatingVSAvoidtransparency in visible spectrum
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent shifts the absorption spectrum from the visible dimension (400-780 nm) to the infrared dimension (800-4000 nm). By operating in this different spectral dimension, the fusing agent can effectively absorb radiation for heating while remaining transparent in the visible spectrum, thus maintaining both heating capability and visual transparency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables the production of white or slightly colored 3D parts by effectively converting absorbed radiation to thermal energy for fusion, while maintaining transparency in the visible spectrum, thus overcoming the limitations of existing methods in color and material binding efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

The fusing agent includes a plasmonic resonance absorber dispersed in an aqueous or non-aqueous vehicle, the plasmonic resonance absorber having absorption at wavelengths ranging from 800 nm to 4000 nm

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPlasmonic resonance: Resonance

Implementation Method 2

The fusing agent is capable of absorbing radiation and converting the absorbed radiation to thermal energy, which in turn melts or sinters the build material that is in contact with the fusing agent

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal energy conversion: Heating

Implementation Method 3

selective melting of regions of the powder layer by means of introduction of electromagnetic energy via laser of wavelength from 100 nm to 1 mm, by means of radiative heaters in the IR-A, and/or IR-B region

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSintering: Sintering

Data Source

PatentEP3365153B1Three-dimensional (3D) printing
Publication Date: 2024.02.28 HEWLETT PACKARD DEVELOPMENT COMPANY LP
  • EP3365153B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3365153B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3365153B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

In a three-dimensional printing method example, a polymeric or polymeric composite build material is applied. A fusing agent is applied on at least a portion of the build material. The fusing agent includes an aqueous or non-aqueous vehicle and a plasmonic resonance absorber having absorption at wavelengths ranging from 800 nm to 4000 nm and having transparency at wavelengths ranging from 400 nm to 780 nm dispersed in the aqueous or non-aqueous vehicle. The build material is exposed to electromagnetic radiation, thereby fusing the portion of the build material in contact with the fusing agent to form a layer.