Plasmonic Lumiphoric Layer for LED Light Extraction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional LEDs face challenges in achieving high light emission efficiency due to internal reflection and light loss when photons interact with LED package surfaces and lumiphoric materials, leading to non-uniform light emissions and reduced extraction efficiency.
Innovation Solution
The integration of plasmonic materials, comprising nanoparticles and patterned structures with dielectric coatings, is used to induce localized surface plasmon resonance, enhancing the electric field and increasing photoluminescence of lumiphoric materials by placing them within the plasmon electric field, thereby improving light output and efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If lumiphoric materials are placed close to LED emitters to convert light wavelengths, then wavelength conversion is achieved, but light loss increases and emission uniformity deteriorates due to multiple interactions with surfaces and materials
Solution Approach 1:
A plasmonic material layer is introduced as an intermediary between the LED emitter and lumiphoric materials. This plasmonic layer generates localized surface plasmon resonance that enhances the electric field, thereby improving light extraction efficiency and reducing internal reflection losses before light reaches the lumiphoric conversion materials.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies plasmonic materials with specific optical properties at the critical interface where light extraction occurs. By modifying only the local region adjacent to the LED emitter rather than the entire light path, the solution enhances light extraction without requiring changes to all components in the system.
2Loss of energy
If photons are internally reflected at LED interfaces, then light extraction efficiency decreases, but adding extraction structures increases device complexity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses composite plasmonic materials comprising metal nanoparticles embedded in a dielectric matrix. This composite structure provides both the optical resonance properties needed for enhanced light extraction and mechanical stability, achieving improved performance without complex microstructured surfaces or multiple layers.
3Illumination intensity
If lumiphoric materials are positioned within plasmon electric field, then photoluminescence enhancement is achieved, but manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a simplified plasmonic layer structure that can be deposited using conventional semiconductor manufacturing techniques such as sputtering or evaporation. This approach replicates the desired plasmonic effect without requiring precise manual positioning or complex alignment procedures, making the solution manufacturable at scale.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances the photoluminescence of lumiphoric materials, leading to increased light output and efficiency in LEDs by effectively managing light interactions and reducing losses, resulting in improved illumination characteristics.
Implementation Method 1
Plasmonic materials are disclosed that are configured to induce localized surface plasmon resonance and excite a corresponding localized surface plasmon enhanced electric field in response to incident light
Implementation Method 2
a lumiphoric material arranged to receive light emitted by the LED chip, wherein the lumiphoric material is arranged at least partially within the localized surface plasmon enhanced electric field
Data Source
AI summary
Lumiphoric materials and corresponding light-emitting devices, and more particularly localized surface plasmon resonance for enhanced photoluminescence of lumiphoric materials are disclosed. Plasmonic materials are disclosed that are configured to induce localized surface plasmon resonance and excite a corresponding localized surface plasmon enhanced electric field in response to incident light. An increase in photoluminescence of lumiphoric materials may be realized when the lumiphoric materials are arranged within the localized surface plasmon enhanced electric field. Plasmonic materials are disclosed that include various arrangements of nanoparticles and/or patterned structures with corresponding dielectric materials that are collectively arranged in close proximity to lumiphoric materials.