Plastic Explosive Composition Non-Toxic Friction Sensitivity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current plastic explosives based on synthetic rubber become brittle over time and contain toxic chemical compounds, making them difficult to dispose of safely, and pentaerythritol tetranitrate, when used alone, fails to meet impact and friction sensitivity tests.
Innovation Solution
A plastic explosive composition comprising pentaerythritol tetranitrate, nitroguanidine as an insensitive explosive, silicone oil as a plasticizer, and pentaerythritol tetrastearate as a phlegmatizing agent, which are all non-toxic, reducing friction sensitivity and enabling safe disposal.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If pentaerythritol tetranitrate is used as the only highly explosive explosive, then non-toxicity is achieved, but impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity requirements are not met
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines pentaerythritol tetranitrate (non-toxic but sensitive) with nitroguanidine (insensitive but less powerful) in specific proportions (70-85 wt% nitropenta, 1-10 wt% nitroguanidine). This merging creates a composite explosive that maintains non-toxicity while achieving the required sensitivity thresholds through synergistic interaction between the two components.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite explosive material consisting of multiple components: nitropenta (70-85%), nitroguanidine (1-10%), silicone oil plasticizer (8-15%), and pentaerythritol tetrastearate (0.1-5%). This composite structure allows each component to contribute its strengths - nitropenta provides power, nitroguanidine reduces sensitivity, and the additives provide plasticity and phlegmatization.
2Ease of operation
If synthetic rubber is used as the base material, then plastic explosive properties are achieved, but brittleness and hardness develop over time
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the plasticizer from conventional organic compounds to silicone oil (polydimethylsiloxane), fundamentally altering the chemical composition parameters. This substitution maintains the plastic and flexible properties needed for explosive operation while preventing the time-dependent degradation to brittleness and hardness that occurs with synthetic rubber bases.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention replaces long-lasting but degrading synthetic rubber with a silicone oil-based system that maintains its properties throughout the service life. The silicone oil plasticizer system provides stable plasticity without the aging degradation issues of rubber, effectively creating a composition with extended stable service life.
3Ease of operation
If conventional plasticizing agents are used, then plastic explosive consistency is achieved, but toxic compounds are released during disposal
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the disposal problem into a benefit by selecting silicone oil and pentaerythritol tetrastearate as additives that leave only harmless residues (sand, carbon dioxide, water vapor, nitrogen oxides) upon burning. What was previously a harmful disposal issue becomes a clean disposal advantage, eliminating toxic emissions entirely.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates an essentially inert and non-toxic chemical environment throughout the composition and disposal process. All components - nitropenta, nitroguanidine, silicone oil, and pentaerythritol tetrastearate - are selected to be non-toxic and decompose into harmless substances, effectively creating a chemically benign system from production through disposal.
4Quantity of substance
If nitroguanidine is added to increase explosive power, then total explosive amount increases, but friction sensitivity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the concentration parameter of nitroguanidine to a specific range (1-10 wt%, preferably 3-7 wt%). At these controlled low concentrations, nitroguanidine provides additional explosive power and synergistic friction sensitivity reduction with pentaerythritol tetrastearate, while the silicone oil plasticizer maintains overall composition flexibility and prevents excessive sensitivity.
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a plastic explosive composition comprising pentaerythritol tetranitrate as a high explosive, at least one insensitive explosive, silicone oil as a plasticizing agent, at least one phlegmatizing agent and a marking agent, and characterized in that it comprises a combination of a) nitroguanidine as an insensitive explosive and b) pentaerythritol tetrastearate as a phlegmatizing agent.