Two-Stage Plastic Oil Conversion for Large Solar Panel Waste
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing waste-plastic oil conversion devices require pretreatment like crushing and drying, making it difficult to handle large-sized articles such as solar battery panels, and the treatment methods for waste plastic and solar battery panels are separate, leading to increased energy consumption and inefficient gas collection.
Innovation Solution
A waste-plastic oil conversion device with a primary and secondary decomposition tank, a melting tank, and a separation tower, allowing for thermal decomposition of waste plastic and solar battery panel materials, with integrated gas collection and low energy consumption.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of substance
If waste plastic is thermally decomposed in a decomposition tank, then oil component can be collected and reused, but pretreatment such as crushing, washing and drying becomes necessary, making it difficult to handle large-sized articles
Solution Approach 1:
The decomposition process is divided into two stages: primary decomposition at higher temperature (300-500°C) and secondary decomposition at lower temperature (200-300°C). This segmentation allows large-sized articles to be directly processed without pretreatment, as the two-stage process handles different decomposition requirements separately.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the temperature parameter by implementing two decomposition tanks with different temperature ranges. The primary decomposition tank operates at 300-500°C while the secondary decomposition tank operates at 200-300°C, allowing direct processing of large-sized articles without requiring pretreatment.
2Reliability
If separate heat sources are provided for decomposition tank and electric furnace, then thermal decomposition and thermal treatment can be performed, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention merges the heat sources by using the electric furnace's heating element to heat both the decomposition tank and the treatment tank simultaneously. This combining approach maintains reliable thermal decomposition and thermal treatment while significantly reducing energy consumption compared to using separate heat sources.
Solution Approach 2:
The electric furnace's heating element serves multiple functions: it heats the decomposition tank for thermal decomposition and simultaneously heats the treatment tank for thermal treatment of solidified oil. This multi-functionality reduces the number of heat sources needed and lowers overall energy consumption.
3Object-generated harmful factors
If decomposition gas is discharged to the outside after reaction with oxygen, then water and carbon dioxide are produced, but valuable materials such as liquefied decomposition gas cannot be collected
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts the liquefied decomposition gas from the decomposition gas before it reacts with oxygen and is discharged. The gas collection unit captures the liquefied component, separating it from the gaseous phase that would otherwise react with oxygen and be discharged as water and carbon dioxide.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention introduces an intermediary cooling and condensation process between the decomposition tank and the discharge point. The cooling unit and gas collection unit act as intermediaries to condense and collect liquefied decomposition gas, preventing its direct reaction with oxygen and subsequent discharge as waste.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device efficiently collects liquefied components from waste plastic and separates valuable materials from solar battery panels with low energy consumption by integrating thermal decomposition and gas collection processes.
Implementation Method 1
a primary decomposition tank that generates a decomposition gas by melting waste plastic
Implementation Method 2
a secondary decomposition tank that generates a low boiling point decomposition gas by heating a liquefied component generated by condensing a high boiling point component out of the decomposition gas
Implementation Method 3
a first storage tank that condenses and stores the decomposition gas and the low boiling point decomposition gas therein
Implementation Method 4
a melting tank that melts a plastic material that forms a solar battery panel so as to separate the plastic material into the plastic material and a valuable material
Data Source
AI summary
A waste-plastic oil conversion device includes a primary decomposition tank that generates a decomposition gas by melting waste plastic; a secondary decomposition tank that generates a low boiling point decomposition gas by heating a liquefied component generated by condensing a high boiling point component out of the decomposition gas generated by the primary decomposition tank at a temperature lower than a temperature in the primary decomposition tank; a melting tank that melts a plastic material that forms a solar battery panel so as to separate the plastic material into the plastic material and a valuable material; and a first storage tank that condenses and stores the decomposition gas and the low boiling point decomposition gas therein. The melting tank is connected to the primary decomposition tank so as to introduce the decomposition gas into the melting tank.