Folded Plate Heat Exchanger Layout to Prevent Boiler Water Boiling

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing plate heat exchangers for condensing boilers face issues such as high material waste, increased manufacturing costs, and water boiling due to insufficient water flow speed and amount, particularly around the combustion chamber, which complicates heat exchange efficiency and requires costly solutions to prevent clogging from mineral deposits.

Innovation Solution

A plate heat exchanger design featuring rectangular plates made from a single folded sheet metal with strategically formed channels and gaskets, allowing water to flow in series or parallel configurations to manage high temperatures while minimizing material waste and optimizing heat exchange efficiency, with the combustion products passing through gaps between plates, and using containment plates and casings to manage water flow and prevent boiling.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If larger holes are formed in plates to create fumes collectors, then the combustion chamber can be housed, but significant sheet metal scraps are produced increasing manufacturing costs

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecombustion chamber housing capabilityVSAvoidsheet metal scraps
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSLoss of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The plate is divided into distinct functional zones: a rectangular body for heat exchange and separate C-shaped wings for combustion chamber housing. This segmentation allows each part to fulfill its specific function without compromising the other, eliminating material waste while maintaining adaptability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The C-shaped wings serve multiple functions: they form the combustion chamber housing, provide structural support, and maintain thermal isolation. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate components, reducing material waste while preserving combustion chamber capability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Productivity

If water flows in parallel channels, then heat exchange efficiency is maintained, but water speed is insufficient causing boiling in high thermal load areas

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat exchange efficiencyVSAvoidwater flow speed
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically adapts water flow configuration based on thermal load requirements. In high thermal load zones (combustion chamber area), water flows in series to increase speed and prevent boiling. In lower thermal load zones, parallel flow maintains heat exchange efficiency. This dynamic switching resolves the contradiction between speed and efficiency

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

Different flow configurations are applied to different zones of the heat exchanger. The C-shaped wings experience series flow for high speed, while the rectangular body utilizes parallel flow for efficient heat exchange. This local differentiation allows each zone to operate optimally without compromising overall system performance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Object-affected harmful factors

If fixed paths with limited passage section are created to increase water speed, then boiling is prevented, but limestone deposits rapidly clog the pipes

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewater boiling preventionVSAvoidpipe clogging resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The C-shaped wings provide a three-dimensional flow path that increases water speed through geometric configuration rather than constricting the passage section. The curved path creates velocity increase without reducing cross-sectional area, preventing both boiling and limestone deposition simultaneously

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

4Adaptability or versatility

If circular or C-shaped plates are used to delimit fumes circuit, then containment is achieved, but large sheet metal waste occurs

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefumes circuit containmentVSAvoidsheet metal waste
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSLoss of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The plate is segmented into a rectangular body and C-shaped wings, where the wings provide containment functionality. This segmentation allows the use of efficient rectangular sheet utilization while the wings extend to provide the necessary containment shape without wasting material

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The C-shaped wings introduce asymmetric geometry only where functionally required for combustion chamber housing and fumes containment. The main body remains rectangular for material efficiency. This asymmetric addition provides containment capability with minimal material waste

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The design reduces material waste, lowers manufacturing costs, and effectively prevents water boiling by optimizing water flow speed and temperature management, maintaining high heat exchange efficiency while minimizing thermal load loss, suitable for various boiler applications.

Implementation Method 1

The inlet and outlet collectors of the fumes are opposite and are close to, respectively, outlet and inlet collectors of the water, thus leading to a very efficient heat exchange called counter-current

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

water and fumes run along parallel channels

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Data Source

PatentEP3071897B1Plate heat exchanger, in particular for condensing boilers
Publication Date: 2019.09.11 GAS POINT
  • EP3071897B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3071897B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP3071897B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

A heat exchanger (1) for boilers (100), in particular for condensing boilers. The heat exchanger (1) comprises a set of heat exchanging plates (2, 2*) inside which the water to be heated flows and outside which the combustion products (3) coming from a burner (4) pass. The heat exchanger (1) is characterized in that it comprises a plurality of plates (2, 2*) coupled to a plurality of diaphragms (50) for closing openings (28, 29, 30, 31) present on the plates (2, 2*); each plate (2, 2*) comprising at least two levels ((I), (II), (III)) of respective channels (23, 24, 25) for the water flow to be heated. Hydraulic connections in series between the channels (25) can be provided on the layer (III) closest to a burner (4).