Platelet Aggregation Analysis Using Dielectric Measurement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for platelet aggregation analysis, such as dielectric measurement and blood coagulation system analysis, require a pre-set normal coagulation time and lack a simple and quick measurement approach, leading to long measurement times and loss of platelet function differences when an accelerating reagent is added.
Innovation Solution
A method involving the addition of a small aqueous solution of calcium chloride and a platelet-inducing substance to whole blood, followed by stirring, to measure changes in dielectric constants during natural coagulation, allowing for comparison with non-platelet-inducing substance data to analyze platelet aggregation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If dielectric measurement or blood coagulation system analysis is used for platelet aggregation analysis, then measurement can be performed in whole blood without centrifugal operation, but measurement time becomes long and platelet function differences are lost when accelerating reagent is added
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes the accelerating reagent (thrombin) from the measurement process. By measuring platelet aggregation without adding thrombin, the method eliminates the loss of platelet function differences while still achieving complete coagulation through natural platelet aggregation. This extraction of the problematic component resolves the contradiction between ease of measurement and measurement time.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary activation of platelets using platelet activating factor (PAF) or other physiological activators before measurement, rather than relying on thrombin acceleration during measurement. This preliminary action allows platelets to be in an activated state ready for aggregation, eliminating the need for accelerating reagents during the actual measurement process and thereby reducing measurement time while preserving function differences.
2Productivity
If thrombin is added as an accelerating reagent to speed up coagulation, then measurement time is reduced, but platelet function differences are lost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes thrombin from the measurement system entirely. By using natural platelet aggregation processes without exogenous thrombin acceleration, the method maintains sensitivity to platelet function differences while achieving clinically adequate measurement speeds through the natural coagulation cascade initiated by platelet activation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the activation parameters from strong chemical activation by thrombin to physiological activation by PAF or other endogenous activators. This parameter change allows the system to operate at speeds sufficient for clinical measurement while preserving the subtle functional differences between platelet samples that would be masked by thrombin's overwhelming activation effect.
3Measurement precision
If permeation rate method is used for platelet aggregation analysis, then aggregation can be quantified, but blood plasma separation is essential making test body treatment complicated
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the platelet aggregation measurement with whole blood coagulation measurement into a single test system. By using dielectric measurement technology that can detect both platelet aggregation and fibrin formation in whole blood without separation, the method eliminates the complex plasma separation steps while maintaining quantitative measurement capability through the dielectric constant changes that occur during coagulation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a universal measurement system that can analyze both platelet function and blood coagulation in a single test using whole blood. The dielectric measurement apparatus serves multiple functions: detecting platelet aggregation, monitoring coagulation progression, and evaluating overall hemostatic function, thereby eliminating the need for separate plasma separation and specialized aggregation assays.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables a simple and quick measurement of platelet aggregation, providing accurate analysis of platelet coagulability and function, even in the presence of antiplatelet or anticoagulation agents, using a single device for both platelet aggregation and blood coagulation analysis.
Implementation Method 1
a measurement unit configured to measure an electrical characteristic of the platelet-containing specimen
Data Source
AI summary
A measurement method of simply and quickly measuring platelet aggregation, is provided.The measurement method is a platelet aggregation analysis method, including:a step of adding a platelet-inducing substance and a calcium salt to a platelet-containing specimen;a step of stirring the platelet-containing specimen; and a step of acquiring measurement data of an electrical characteristic and/or viscoelasticity of the platelet-containing specimen.