Platinum Catalyst for Olefin Hydrogenation Cost Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
The rising cost of palladium-containing catalysts for hydrogenation processes makes them economically unattractive, and nickel catalysts are difficult to handle in olefin hydrogenation, necessitating a more cost-effective and efficient alternative with high mass-specific activity.
Innovation Solution
A monometallic catalyst comprising platinum as the sole catalytically active metal, supported on materials like aluminium oxide, silicon dioxide, or zeolites, with platinum deposited in the outer edge zone, offering high mass-specific activity and economic viability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If palladium-containing catalysts are used for hydrogenation, then hydrogenation efficiency is improved, but catalyst cost increases continuously
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces expensive palladium catalysts with a more cost-effective platinum-based catalyst system. By using platinum at optimized loadings (0.05-1% by weight) on appropriate supports, the invention achieves comparable or superior hydrogenation activity while significantly reducing catalyst cost, making the catalyst economically viable for industrial applications
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes the platinum loading parameter within a specific range (0.05-1% by weight) to achieve the desired balance between activity and cost. By carefully controlling the platinum content and its distribution on the support material, the invention maximizes mass-specific activity while minimizing the amount of precious metal required
2Quantity of substance
If nickel catalysts are used as alternative to palladium, then catalyst cost is reduced, but ease of operation deteriorates due to handling difficulties
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a platinum-based catalyst as a middle-ground solution that is more cost-effective than palladium but easier to handle than nickel. The platinum catalyst maintains high activity while avoiding the handling complications associated with nickel, providing both economic and operational benefits
3Productivity
If platinum is used as sole catalytically active metal, then mass-specific activity increases significantly, but catalyst composition simplification may reduce stability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a support material as an intermediary carrier for the platinum catalyst. The support (such as alumina, silica, or activated carbon) provides a stable framework that disperses the platinum particles, preventing their aggregation and maintaining their high surface area. This intermediary structure ensures both the high mass-specific activity and the long-term stability of the catalyst
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs porous support materials with high surface area to volume ratio. These porous structures provide extensive surface area for platinum dispersion, maximizing the number of active sites while maintaining structural integrity. The porous architecture also facilitates mass transport of reactants and products, enhancing both activity and stability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The platinum-based catalyst achieves high mass-specific activity and cost-effectiveness, outperforming palladium catalysts in hydrogenation efficiency, particularly in total hydrogenation of olefin-containing hydrocarbon streams, with improved reaction rates and reduced side reactions.
Implementation Method 1
comprises a sole catalytically active metal in an amount of from 0.05% to 1% by weight based on the total weight of the catalyst, wherein the catalytically active metal is platinum
Data Source
AI summary
A catalyst for the total hydrogenation of an olefin-containing hydrocarbon stream can be made. The catalyst has a support material and platinum as a catalytically active metal. A process for the total hydrogenation of an olefin-containing hydrocarbon stream in at least one reactor with addition of hydrogen and using the catalyst can be performed.