Platoon Vehicle Spacing Using V2V Braking Delay and Deceleration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for determining vehicle distance in a platoon fail to account for real-time variances in transmission time and braking performance, leading to suboptimal safety and effectiveness in emergency braking scenarios, and do not efficiently optimize fuel consumption and road utilization.
Innovation Solution
A method to determine a dynamic vehicle distance based on current transmission path and braking distance difference, using actual maximum deceleration values of both the front and following vehicles, communicated via V2V communication, which dynamically adapts the vehicle distance to current driving conditions, including accounting for dead time and response time to ensure precise safety and efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a fixed vehicle distance is set based on typical or minimum required maximum deceleration values, then safety is improved by ensuring emergency braking can be performed safely, but effectiveness is worsened because real-world variances in transmission time and braking performance are not accounted for
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by transitioning from fixed preset vehicle distances to dynamically calculated distances. The control device continuously determines actual transmission times and maximum deceleration values for both leading and following vehicles, then calculates an optimized vehicle distance based on these real-time parameters. This allows the system to adapt to varying braking performances and transmission delays, improving both safety and effectiveness simultaneously.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements parameter changes by using actual measured values for transmission time and maximum deceleration instead of typical or minimum required values. The system measures the actual transmission time of V2V signals and determines the real maximum deceleration capabilities of individual vehicles, then uses these changed parameters to calculate an optimized vehicle distance that reflects current vehicle conditions rather than conservative estimates.
2Productivity
If a standard braking performance value is preset to increase effectiveness, then road utilization is improved, but safety is worsened because rear-end collisions can occur when the leading vehicle exhibits better braking performance than assumed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies feedback by continuously measuring actual transmission times and maximum deceleration values, then using this feedback to recalculate and adjust the vehicle distance. The control device receives V2V signals from the leading vehicle, measures the actual transmission time, determines the actual maximum deceleration of both vehicles, and uses this feedback loop to maintain an optimized safety distance that adapts to real-world performance variations.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements preliminary action by determining the maximum deceleration values and transmission times before calculating the optimized vehicle distance. The system performs preliminary measurements of braking performance and communication delays, then uses these pre-determined parameters to calculate the safe following distance before emergency situations occur, ensuring both safety and optimization are achieved proactively.
3Reliability
If vehicle spacing is increased to account for worst-case scenarios, then safety is improved, but fuel consumption increases and road utilization decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by replacing static worst-case vehicle spacing with dynamically calculated distances based on actual vehicle performance. The system continuously adapts the following distance to match real transmission times and deceleration capabilities, allowing vehicles to maintain smaller, more fuel-efficient spacing when conditions permit while ensuring safety margins are preserved through real-time calculation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements parameter changes by using actual measured transmission times and deceleration values to calculate optimized vehicle spacing, replacing conservative worst-case parameters. This allows the system to reduce vehicle spacing from worst-case values to actual required values, thereby reducing fuel consumption and improving road utilization while maintaining safety through accurate, real-time parameter-based calculation.
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to a method for determining a dynamic vehicle distance (Adyn) between a following vehicle (FF) and a preceding vehicle (VF) of a platoon, wherein a V2V signal (S1) can be wirelessly transferred between the following vehicle (FF) and the preceding vehicle (VF), comprising at least the following steps: determining a current maximum following-vehicle deceleration (zMax_FF) of the following vehicle (FF); determining a current transfer time for transferring to the following vehicle (FF) the information that the preceding vehicle (VF) has initiated an emergency braking operation (N); determining a current maximum preceding-vehicle deceleration (zMax_VF) of the preceding vehicle (VF); and determining the dynamic vehicle distance (Adyn) from a transfer distance (s) and from a braking distance difference (sB), wherein the transfer distance (s) indicates the distance traveled by the following vehicle (FF) between the initiation of an emergency braking operation (N) by the preceding vehicle (VF) and the initiation of an emergency braking operation (N) by the following vehicle (FF), wherein the transfer distance (s) depends on the current transfer time, and wherein the braking distance difference (sB) indicates a difference between a preceding-vehicle braking distance (w_VF) defined by the maximum preceding-vehicle deceleration (zMax_W) and a following-vehicle braking distance (w_FF) defined by the maximum following-vehicle deceleration (zMax_FF).