Power Line Communications Apparatus Using Digital Signal Synthesis

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Solution Overview

Problem

Power line communication (PLC) transmitters and receivers face inefficiencies due to high power dissipation and the need for costly components to drive large currents and filter signals, while also requiring spectral purity, which limits their efficiency and increases component costs.

Innovation Solution

The apparatus employs a direct digital synthesizer and delta-sigma modulator to generate digital signals, a CMOS buffer for amplification, and a coupler to efficiently transmit and receive data over power lines, minimizing impedance and using a high-current rated CMOS buffer to drive necessary currents while maintaining spectral purity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Power

If linear amplifiers are used for PLC transmission, then signal amplification is achieved, but power dissipation increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal amplificationVSAvoidpower dissipation
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces traditional linear analog amplifiers with a digital signal processing system consisting of a direct digital synthesizer and CMOS buffer. The DDS generates the modulated signal digitally, and the CMOS buffer provides digital-to-analog conversion and buffering, eliminating the need for power-hungry linear amplifiers while maintaining signal integrity and reducing power dissipation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Manufacturing precision

If filtering is performed prior to power amplification, then spectral purity requirements are met, but component costs and device complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespectral purityVSAvoidnumber of filtering components
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces traditional analog filtering circuits with digital signal processing techniques. The direct digital synthesizer inherently generates spectrally pure signals through digital synthesis, and the system uses digital filtering methods instead of multiple analog filters, thereby meeting spectral purity requirements while reducing component count and complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Power

If PLC transmitters drive large currents on power lines, then voltage requirements are met, but power dissipation and component costs increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevoltage outputVSAvoidpower dissipation
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a CMOS buffer instead of traditional high-power analog amplifiers to drive the current on the power line. The CMOS buffer efficiently switches current in a digital manner, reducing continuous power dissipation while still delivering the required voltage and current levels for PLC transmission.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The direct digital synthesizer generates signals through periodic switching of current at the modulation frequency, allowing the system to deliver average power efficiently through pulsed current delivery rather than continuous high current, thereby reducing overall power dissipation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Data Source

PatentEP2471190B1Power line communications apparatus
Publication Date: 2015.05.27 ENPHASE ENERGY INC
  • EP2471190B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2471190B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2471190B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

Apparatus and system for communicating data via a power line. The apparatus comprises a transmitter comprising a modulator for generating a second digital signal based on input data; a digital buffer for amplifying the second digital signal to generate a third digital signal; a filter for filtering the third digital signal to generate an analog output waveform; and a coupler for coupling the analog output waveform to the power line.