Power Line Communication Circuit Isolation for Stable Impedance

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Solution Overview

Problem

Power line communication quality is compromised due to noise and impedance variations caused by power consumption units, leading to poor signal transmission and attenuation, especially during heavy load conditions.

Innovation Solution

A low-pass filter or isolator is placed before the power consumption unit, with a 3dB frequency cutoff lower than the communication signal, isolating the communication signal and separating the power line into transmission and power consumption sections, ensuring stable impedance and low noise at the transmission terminal.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a low-pass filter or isolator is placed before the power consumption unit, then communication quality is improved by isolating noise and impedance variations, but device complexity increases due to additional circuit components

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecommunication qualityVSAvoidcircuit structure
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The power line is segmented into two distinct sections: a transmission terminal section for communication signals and a power consumption terminal section for power delivery. The low-pass filter/isolator serves as the segmentation boundary, allowing communication signals to pass through the coupler to the transmission terminal while blocking noise and impedance variations from the power consumption unit. This spatial segmentation resolves the contradiction by physically separating the two functional areas.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The low-pass filter or isolator acts as an intermediary component between the power consumption unit and the communication system. It mediates the interaction by selectively passing communication frequency signals while blocking power consumption unit noise and impedance variations. The coupler serves as another intermediary, providing a dedicated path for communication signals to reach the transmission terminal without passing through the filter/isolator, thus maintaining signal integrity while allowing the filter to protect the communication system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Object-affected harmful factors

If the power line is separated into transmission terminal and power consumption terminal, then noise and impedance variations are isolated, but the circuit structure becomes more complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenoise and impedance variationsVSAvoidcircuit structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The power line is divided into two functional sections: the transmission terminal section handling communication signals and the power consumption terminal section handling power delivery. This segmentation isolates harmful noise and impedance variations generated by power consumption units from affecting communication signals. The low-pass filter/isolator establishes the boundary between these sections, allowing each to operate independently without mutual interference.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different sections of the power line are given different functional qualities: the transmission terminal section is optimized for signal transmission with stable impedance characteristics, while the power consumption terminal section handles variable power loads. The low-pass filter/isolator creates this local quality differentiation, ensuring that each section has the appropriate characteristics for its intended function without compromising the other.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Adaptability or versatility

If communication signal frequency is much higher than power supply frequency, then communication can occur on power lines, but signal attenuation increases during heavy load conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower line communication capabilityVSAvoidsignal attenuation
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The coupler serves as a specialized intermediary device that provides a dedicated coupling path for high-frequency communication signals between the modem and the transmission terminal. This separate coupling path allows communication signals to reach the transmission terminal without passing through the low-pass filter/isolator, avoiding the signal attenuation that would occur during heavy power consumption loads. The intermediary structure preserves signal strength while enabling simultaneous power delivery and communication.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration significantly improves communication quality by isolating time-varying noise and impedance, preventing signal attenuation and ensuring reliable transmission over longer distances.

Implementation Method 1

a low-pass filter or an isolator is placed before the power consumption unit, with a 3dB frequency cutoff lower than the communication signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLow-pass filter: Filter (electronic)

Implementation Method 2

The first isolator separates the power line into the power consumption terminal and a transmission terminal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIsolator: Filter (electronic)

Implementation Method 3

The first coupler generates a first coupling path, through which the network signal enters the transmission terminal via the first coupler without passing through the first isolator

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCoupling: Conduction (electrical)

Data Source

PatentEP4432570A1Circuit structure to improve reliability of power line communication
Publication Date: 2024.09.18 HANGZHOU LIANXINTONG SEMICON CO LTD
  • EP4432570A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4432570A1 patent drawingFigure 2A
  • EP4432570A1 patent drawingFigure 2B

AI summary

A circuit structure to improve reliability of power line communication has a power line, on which a power energy wave and a network signal are transmitted. The circuit structure includes: a first isolator, which is disposed at an entrance of a power consumption terminal of the circuit structure, separates the power line into the power consumption terminal and a transmission terminal, and filters the network signal, so that the power energy wave enters the power consumption terminal; and a first coupler for generating a first coupling path, through which the network signal enters the transmission terminal via the first coupler without passing through the first isolator. Power line impedance at a side of the transmission terminal is not affected by a side of the power consumption terminal.