PLC Signal Sending Method With Intra-Payload Pilot Insertion

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Solution Overview

Problem

In power line communication, long frame lengths lead to low channel estimation accuracy and data decoding accuracy due to the time-varying nature of the channel, as the receive end relies solely on preamble-based channel estimation.

Innovation Solution

Inserting pilot time domain symbols between OFDM symbols in the payload field of the physical layer frame to improve channel estimation accuracy, allowing the receive end to better track channel changes and enhance data decoding accuracy.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If a relatively long frame length is set to transmit a large amount of information, then the information transmission capacity is improved, but the channel estimation accuracy deteriorates because the receive end cannot reflect the time-varying characteristic of the channel

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinformation transmission capacityVSAvoidchannel estimation accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the long frame into multiple segments by inserting pilot symbols at regular intervals between OFDM symbols. This segmentation allows the receive end to perform channel estimation at multiple points throughout the frame, capturing time-varying channel characteristics that would be missed by a single preamble-based estimation at the beginning of the frame.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces pilot symbols as intermediary reference signals between the data-carrying OFDM symbols. These pilot symbols serve as mediators that enable the receive end to estimate and track channel variations throughout the transmission, bridging the gap between the initial preamble estimation and the actual data symbols affected by time-varying channel conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If pilot symbols are inserted between OFDM symbols to improve channel estimation accuracy, then the channel estimation accuracy is improved, but the bandwidth and pilot resources are consumed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechannel estimation accuracyVSAvoidbandwidth and pilot resources
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies partial action by inserting pilot symbols at selective intervals rather than continuously. The patent specifies inserting pilot symbols between every k OFDM symbols (where k≥1), allowing the system to achieve adequate channel tracking with a fraction of the pilot overhead compared to continuous pilot insertion, thus balancing accuracy improvement with resource conservation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent enables dynamic adjustment of the pilot insertion interval parameter k. By changing this parameter, the system can adapt the pilot density to match channel conditions and requirements - using smaller k values for rapidly varying channels requiring higher estimation accuracy, and larger k values for stable channels where resources can be conserved.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP3416326B1Method and apparatus for sending signals
Publication Date: 2024.06.19 HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
  • EP3416326B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3416326B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP3416326B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

The present invention discloses a signal sending method and apparatus, to improve channel estimation accuracy of a receive end, so as to improve data decoding accuracy of the receive end. The method is applied to a system whose physical layer frame structure includes a preamble and a payload PL field. The method includes: inserting one or more pilot time domain symbols between OFDM time domain symbols in the PL field to obtain a physical layer frame; and sending the physical layer frame to a receive end, where the preamble and the pilot time domain symbol are used together by the receive end to perform channel estimation.