PMD Slow-Release Formulation for Extended Insect Protection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current insect repellents have short durations of effectiveness, require frequent applications, and can be harmful due to high concentrations of active ingredients, while natural alternatives are too volatile and provide insufficient protection against expanding insect species.
Innovation Solution
A slow-release formulation comprising p-menthane-3,8-diol (PMD), a glycoside, an organic acid, and a divalent metal halide salt, which provides a controlled release of PMD for extended protection against insects, reducing the need for frequent applications and minimizing health risks.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If natural repellent molecules are used, then the repellent provides a safer alternative with reduced health risks, but the molecules are too volatile and provide protection for only a very short time-period
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the repellent molecule into two parts: a volatile natural repellent molecule (providing safety) and a non-volatile carrier molecule (providing duration). The repellent is attached to the carrier through a bond that releases the repellent slowly over time, thus achieving both safety and extended protection duration simultaneously.
Solution Approach 2:
The carrier molecule acts as an intermediary between the volatile natural repellent and the skin surface. It holds the repellent molecule and releases it in a controlled manner, preventing the repellent from evaporating too quickly while maintaining its natural safety profile.
2Duration of action of moving object
If increased concentrations of active ingredient are applied, then the effective duration is extended, but increased exposure can lead to toxicity and irritancy
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the release rate parameter of the active ingredient by using a carrier molecule with specific properties. Instead of applying high concentrations that cause toxicity, the system maintains lower concentrations and controls the release rate to extend duration without increasing exposure levels.
3Ease of operation
If traditional repellent products are used, then protection against morning or evening biting mosquitos is provided, but multiple applications are required for daytime feeding Aedes species
Solution Approach 1:
The patent ensures continuous release of the repellent molecule over an extended period (up to 24 hours or more) through the carrier system. This continuous action provides uninterrupted protection against daytime feeding Aedes mosquitoes, eliminating the need for multiple reapplications and maintaining effectiveness throughout the day.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The formulation achieves a long-lasting insect repellent effect of at least 24 hours with reduced active ingredient concentration, minimizing odor and irritancy, and allows for the use of natural repellents like PMD, enhancing protection against diverse insect species.
Implementation Method 1
The formulation comprises p-menthane-3,8-diol (PMD), a glycoside, an organic acid, and a divalent metal halide salt
Data Source
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AI summary
The present invention relates to a slow-release formulation. It relates also to the use of said repellent formulation, to a method of use thereof, and to a composition comprising said formulation. It further relates to PMD glucovanillin conjugate compound of formula (II), a process for preparing the compound of formula (II), and further to the use of the compound of formula (II) for the controlled release of PMD. It refers also to a process for isolating racemic cis/trans-PMD from an extract containing PMD.