PMU-Based Grid Diagnostics for Live Voltage Reducer Calibration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing grid systems for electrical energy distribution lack accurate diagnostic capabilities, particularly for performing calibration of voltage reduction devices while the grid is energized, and require multiple devices and apparatus, leading to high setup and maintenance costs. Additionally, these systems cannot modify existing grid systems to enable diagnostics of devices in secondary substations without installing voltage transformers.
Innovation Solution
A method and system for a grid distribution system comprising a primary substation with a HV/MV voltage transformer, current and voltage transformers, and PMUs, connected to at least one secondary substation with voltage reduction apparatus and PMUs. The system includes a receiving_processing unit that detects current and voltage values at specific instants, identifies threshold conditions, and processes data to perform calibration and diagnostics of voltage reduction apparatuses without requiring additional infrastructure.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple devices and apparatus are used in the grid for diagnostics, then diagnostic accuracy is improved, but setup costs and maintenance costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple diagnostic functions into a single integrated system that uses existing grid infrastructure (voltage transformers and current transformers already present in the grid) coupled with PMUs and a receiving processing unit. This merging approach eliminates the need for multiple separate diagnostic devices while maintaining comprehensive diagnostic capabilities across the grid.
Solution Approach 2:
The receiving processing unit serves multiple diagnostic functions simultaneously - it can diagnose voltage reduction devices, transformers, and other grid components using data from the same PMUs and transformers. This multi-functionality allows a single system to replace what would traditionally require multiple specialized devices.
2Adaptability or versatility
If voltage transformers are installed in secondary substations to enable diagnostics, then diagnostic capability is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system enables existing grid infrastructure to serve diagnostic purposes for itself. Voltage transformers and current transformers already installed in the grid provide measurement data that, when processed by PMUs and the receiving processing unit, automatically enable diagnostics of voltage reduction devices and other components without requiring additional transformation infrastructure.
Solution Approach 2:
The PMUs and receiving processing unit act as intermediaries that extract diagnostic information from existing voltage and current measurements. Rather than installing new voltage transformers in secondary substations, the system uses these intermediary processing devices to derive diagnostic data from measurements already available in the grid.
3Reliability
If calibration is performed with the grid de-energized, then safety is improved, but productivity decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The system continuously monitors grid operations using PMUs and transformers, providing real-time feedback on the performance of voltage reduction devices and other components. This continuous monitoring enables diagnostics and calibration to be performed during normal grid operation rather than requiring shutdowns, as the system can safely analyze data from operating equipment.
Solution Approach 2:
The diagnostic system operates continuously during grid energization, allowing calibration and diagnostics to proceed without interruption to power supply. The PMUs and receiving processing unit continuously analyze measurements from voltage and current transformers, enabling ongoing calibration of voltage reduction devices while the grid remains operational.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system enables accurate diagnostics and calibration of voltage reduction devices in real-time, reducing maintenance costs and allowing modifications to existing grid systems without the need for additional hardware, thus enhancing the efficiency and flexibility of electrical energy distribution.
Implementation Method 1
a voltage measurement transformer connected to the second conductor and suitable to measure the output voltage from said HV/MV voltage transformer
Implementation Method 2
a first current transformer connected to the first line of medium voltage in an initial zone of the same first line and able to detect the current at the beginning of the aforementioned first line of medium voltage
Data Source
AI summary
A method relating to a grid for the distribution of electricity comprises a primary substation CP and at least one secondary substation CS.100/CS.200/CS.300. By means of said system the following operations are carried out: 1a)_to detect by means of a PMU 17 the values of the current at the beginning of a first line L1.MT by means of a current transformer 16; 1b)_to detect by means of a PMU 17 the voltage values at the output of a measurement voltage transformer 15; 1c)_to detect by means of a PMU 151/251/351 the voltage values at the output of at least one voltage reduction apparatus (120/130/230/330). A system to implement the same method.