Pneumatic Grain Level Sensor Using Pressurized Tube

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for determining the grain level in agricultural tanks are either complex, costly, or unreliable, particularly when exposed to environmental factors like sunlight and heat, and do not provide continuous measurement of grain accumulation.

Innovation Solution

A grain level sensor system using a closed-end tube with spaced openings within the tank, pressurized by a pneumatic pump and monitored by a pressure sensor, which continuously measures grain accumulation by sensing pressure changes as the openings are covered by grain.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If a window providing visual indication is used to determine grain level, then the operator can see when the tank is nearly full, but the operator is distracted from operating the complex machinery

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegrain level detectionVSAvoidoperator distraction
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical/visual window-based level indication system with an automated pneumatic sensing system. A tube with openings along its length is connected to a bellows mechanism that automatically detects grain level through pressure changes, eliminating the need for the operator to visually monitor the tank while maintaining accurate level detection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Measurement precision

If pressure level switches at various locations are installed to indicate grain levels, then the tank fullness can be monitored at multiple levels, but the device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegrain level detectionVSAvoidmultiple pressure switches
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges multiple discrete pressure level switch functions into a single integrated pneumatic sensing system. One tube with multiple openings along its length replaces numerous separate pressure switches, providing continuous grain level indication through a single bellows mechanism while reducing system complexity and cost.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The single tube-bellows assembly performs multiple functions: it detects grain levels at various heights along the tube length, provides continuous monitoring, and eliminates the need for multiple separate sensing devices. The system universally handles level detection throughout the entire tank height range.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Measurement precision

If ultrasonic or radar detectors are used to determine tank fullness, then accurate grain level measurement is achieved, but the cost and complexity increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegrain level detectionVSAvoidultrasonic or radar detectors
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a simple, inexpensive pneumatic sensing system using basic components (tube, bellows, pressure mechanism) instead of expensive ultrasonic or radar detectors. While the individual components are simple and potentially replaceable, the overall system provides accurate grain level measurement at a fraction of the cost of electronic sensing systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

4Measurement precision

If a collapsible rubber tube is used to measure grain level, then the tube can be compressed by grain material to indicate level, but the rubber tube is affected by sunlight and heat in harvesters reducing its lifetime

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegrain level detectionVSAvoidtube lifetime
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDuration of action of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a flexible tube within a rigid support channel structure. The tube maintains its flexibility for compression by grain while the external channel provides structural protection from environmental factors like sunlight and heat, extending the system's operational lifetime in harsh harvester conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #30Flexible shells and thin films

Solution Approach 2:

The rigid support channel acts as an intermediary between the flexible sensing tube and the harsh external environment. It transmits the mechanical compression from grain to the bellows mechanism while shielding the vulnerable rubber tube from direct exposure to sunlight and heat that would otherwise degrade it.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

5Measurement precision

If air is blown into vertical tubes to monitor material presence, then the pressure indicates blocking by material, but no reliable data about other levels is provided unless further tubes are installed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvematerial presence detectionVSAvoidmultiple tubes required
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the single sensing tube into multiple functional zones by placing openings at different heights along its length. Each opening or section detects material presence at a specific level, providing comprehensive multi-level grain detection through one integrated tube rather than requiring multiple separate tubes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution provides a continuous, reliable, and cost-effective measurement of grain quantity using minimal hardware, reducing the risk of damage from external contact and maintaining accuracy across varying environmental conditions.

Implementation Method 1

A pneumatic pressure supply, such as a pneumatic pump, pressurizes the interior of the tube and a pressure sensor is provided for sensing the interior pressure

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPneumatic pressure: Pressure Gradient

Implementation Method 2

grain building up therein selectively covers the plurality of openings to cause an increase in sensed pressure

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhysical blocking: Pressure Gradient

Data Source

PatentEP3158850B1Pneumatic grain level sensor
Publication Date: 2020.01.29 CNH IND BELGIUM NV
  • EP3158850B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3158850B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3158850B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A combine (12) including a frame (12), power unit (32) and a crop gathering and processing device (18, 20, 24, 26). A grain tank (28) is mounted on the frame (12). An elongated closed end tube (74) is vertically oriented within the grain tank (28) and has a plurality of uniformly spaced openings (76) along its length. A pneumatic pressure supply (86) pressurizes the interior of the tube (74). A pressure sensor (84) senses the interior pressure of the elongated tube (74), so that grain building up therein selectively covers the plurality of openings (76) to cause a proportionate increase in air pressure.