Pneumatic Input Point Shut-off Element for Waste Conveying

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing pneumatic material-conveying systems for waste management, particularly in public spaces and small sites, face challenges with complex input points that are costly, difficult to maintain, and pose safety risks due to the need for partial-vacuum generators and separate containers, as well as inefficient litter bin emptying frequencies.

Innovation Solution

A pneumatic conveying system with an input point that automatically adjusts flow resistance via a piston-like shut-off element, using the suction effect to control the input aperture and limit replacement air access, eliminating the need for complex valve arrangements and allowing for efficient waste management with a mobile partial-vacuum source.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If complex valve arrangements are used in input points to control connection and replacement air access, then the system can achieve reliable material conveying, but the device complexity and maintenance difficulty increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereliable material conveyingVSAvoidcomplex valve arrangements
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts the complex valve arrangement from the input point design and replaces it with a simple shut-off element that automatically responds to pressure differential. This eliminates unnecessary complexity while maintaining the essential function of controlling material flow into the conveying system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The shut-off element automatically opens or closes based on the pressure differential across the input point, without requiring external control mechanisms. The element self-regulates the flow based on system operating conditions, eliminating the need for complex externally-controlled valve arrangements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Adaptability or versatility

If partial-vacuum generators are installed at each small site for waste management, then the system can operate independently, but the investment costs and operating costs become prohibitively high

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveindependent operation at small sitesVSAvoidinvestment costs and operating costs
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The input point design with automatic shut-off element allows the system to function effectively whether connected to a centralized vacuum system or operating with a small mobile partial-vacuum source. This universal adaptability enables small sites to use affordable mobile vacuum sources instead of requiring expensive permanent installations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The system adapts to different vacuum source configurations by allowing the shut-off element to respond to varying pressure differentials. Whether using a large centralized system or a small mobile source, the input point automatically adjusts its flow characteristics based on the available suction, making the system economically viable at different scales.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Productivity

If the input aperture remains fully open for efficient material intake, then the conveying efficiency improves, but the flow resistance becomes uncontrolled and replacement air access cannot be limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconveying efficiencyVSAvoidflow resistance control
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The shut-off element dynamically adjusts the input aperture opening based on real-time pressure differential conditions. During active conveying, the element opens to allow efficient material intake; during idle periods or when vacuum is insufficient, it closes to control flow resistance. This dynamic adjustment optimizes both conveying efficiency and system control without adding complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

4Object-affected harmful factors

If manual emptying of litter bins is performed frequently, then the litter bins can be kept clean, but the personnel are exposed to hazardous objects and operational efficiency decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecleanliness of litter binsVSAvoidoperational efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention replaces manual mechanical emptying operations with an automated pneumatic conveying system. The mobile partial-vacuum source automatically collects litter from bins through the input points and transports it to collection containers, eliminating the need for frequent manual intervention and reducing personnel exposure to hazardous objects.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides a simple, reliable, and cost-effective way to manage waste in public spaces by reducing manual handling of potentially hazardous materials and enabling more frequent operation of the partial-vacuum source, allowing for efficient material transport and reduced emptying frequencies of collection containers.

Implementation Method 1

wastes are conveyed in piping by means of suction and/or transporting air

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSuction: Suction

Implementation Method 2

wastes are moved long distances in the piping pneumatically, by means of suction and/or a pressure difference

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure difference: Pressure Gradient

Implementation Method 3

the flow resistance of an input point of a pneumatic conveying system for material, such as the local resistance produced by an input aperture, can be adjusted on the basis of the strength of the suction effect brought about in the input point by the partial-vacuum generator

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSuction effect: Suction

Data Source

PatentEP3107839B1Method for handling material in a material conveying system, an input point of a material conveying system and a material conveying system
Publication Date: 2018.11.07 MARICAP OY
  • EP3107839B1 patent drawingFigure 1~4
  • EP3107839B1 patent drawingFigure 5~8
  • EP3107839B1 patent drawingFigure 9

AI summary

Method for feeding in and transporting material in a pneumatic conveying system for material, which conveying system comprises at least one input point (60) of material, a material conveying pipe (100), which can be connected to the input point (60), and a material container (10, 50), in which the material being transported is separated from the transporting air, and also means for producing a partial vacuum/a pressure difference and/or a transporting air current in the conveying pipe (100) at least during the transporting of the material, which means comprise at least one partial-vacuum source (30). In the method the suction side of the partial-vacuum source (30) is connected to act in the conveying pipe (100) and onwards to an input point (60) arranged in the conveying pipe, or to act at least in the feeder channel (81) that is between the conveying pipe and the input point, in which case the input point (60), or at least the feeder channel (81), intended for emptying that is closest to the material container in the conveying direction of the material empties and the material displaces into the conveying pipe (100), that arranged in the input point, on the inside of said input point and on the opposite side of the input aperture (61) with respect to the feeder channel (81), is a shut-off element (601), which is moved by means of the suction produced by the partial-vacuum source (30) from a first position, in which the shut-off element (601) does not make the pathway through the input aperture (61) into the feeder channel (81) essentially smaller, into a second position, in which the shut-off element (601) does make the pathway through the input aperture (61) into the feeder channel (81) essentially smaller, when the pressure on the first side, on the feeder channel (81) side, of the shut-off element (601) is smaller than on the second side, on the opposite side with respect to the feeder channel, of the shut-off element (601). The invention also relates to an input point and to a pneumatic material-conveying system.