Point Cloud Encoding Using Patch Type Indexing
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Solution Overview
Problem
The challenge of effectively encoding and decoding large and high-quality point clouds due to their increasing size and complexity in three-dimensional sensing technologies.
Innovation Solution
A method and apparatus for point cloud encoding and decoding that categorizes patches into different types based on their matching relationships, using a first index to distinguish between first-type, second-type, and third-type patches, and encodes auxiliary information accordingly to reduce bit overheads and improve encoding efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If all auxiliary information (two-dimensional information, three-dimensional information, rotation transformation information, and normal coordinate axis information) is encoded for every patch, then the decoding accuracy is improved, but the bitstream overhead increases and encoding efficiency deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments patches into different types (first-type, second-type, third-type) based on their matching relationships. First-type patches encode only three-dimensional information, second-type patches encode two-dimensional information and reference patch indices, while third-type patches encode all auxiliary information including rotation and normal coordinates. This segmentation allows each patch to be encoded with only the necessary information, reducing overall bitstream overhead while maintaining decoding accuracy where needed.
Solution Approach 2:
Different patches are assigned different encoding qualities based on their local characteristics and matching relationships. Patches with good matching relationships (first-type and second-type) use simplified encoding, while patches without matching relationships (third-type) use complete encoding. This local quality approach optimizes the balance between bitstream overhead and decoding accuracy for each specific patch region.
2Ease of manufacture
If a unified encoding format is used for all patches, then the encoding process is simplified, but the bitstream overhead increases and encoding efficiency deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The encoding format dynamically adapts to each patch type rather than using a static unified format. The encoder selects from multiple encoding formats based on the patch type determined by matching relationships. This dynamic approach improves encoding efficiency by avoiding redundant information encoding while maintaining sufficient process simplicity through standardized format selections.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes encoding parameters (which auxiliary information to encode) based on patch type. First-type patches use one set of parameters (only three-dimensional information), second-type patches use another set (two-dimensional information and reference indices), and third-type patches use a complete parameter set. This parameter adaptation optimizes encoding efficiency without overly complicating the encoding process.
3Reliability
If the quantity of first-type patches is written into the bitstream to track patch types, then patch type management is improved, but the bitstream overhead increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the patch type identification function from the main bitstream by embedding it within the auxiliary information structure itself. The type of auxiliary information present in each patch's data implicitly identifies the patch type, eliminating the need for separate patch type counters or indicators in the bitstream. This reduces bitstream overhead while maintaining reliable patch type management through the information structure itself.
Data Source
AI summary
A method and apparatus for point cloud encoding, a method and apparatus for point cloud decoding, and a related storage medium are disclosed. The method for point cloud encoding includes: obtaining auxiliary information of a to-be-encoded patch, and then encoding the auxiliary information and a first index of the to-be-encoded patch into a bitstream. The first index may have different values, including a first value, a second value, and a third value. These different values indicate different types of patches. That is, different types of patches can be distinguished by using the first index. For different types of patches, content included in auxiliary information encoded into a bitstream may be different. This can simplify a format of information encoded into the bitstream, reduce bit overheads of the bitstream, and improve encoding efficiency.