Polar Code Fragment Connection for Small-Packet Error Reduction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Polar codes exhibit non-ideal channel polarization for smaller packets, leading to inefficient utilization of channel capacities and high bit error rates, which are not effectively addressed by existing technologies.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a shorter connection code to connect fragments of remaining bits, optimizing bit error rates, and eliminating the need for cyclic redundancy check to enhance channel capacity and maintain low decoding complexity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If polar codes are used for small packet transmission, then decoding complexity is reduced, but channel capacity utilization deteriorates and bit error rate increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedecoding complexityVSAvoidbit error rate
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the code block into multiple segments and applies different coding strategies to different segments. Specifically, it segments the information bits into groups that are encoded with different polar code rates, allowing optimal utilization of channels with varying capacities while maintaining overall low decoding complexity through divide-and-conquer approach.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies local quality by assigning different code rates and coding schemes to different portions of the data based on their importance and the channel conditions. Critical information bits are protected with higher code rates while less critical bits use lower code rates, optimizing overall reliability without uniformly increasing complexity across all bits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Device complexity

If traditional polar coding is applied to small packets, then coding simplicity is maintained, but channel capacity is underutilized

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoding simplicityVSAvoidchannel capacity
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces dynamic code rate selection based on the actual packet size and channel conditions. Instead of using a fixed polar code structure, the system dynamically adjusts the code rate and segmentation strategy to match the available channel capacity, thereby maximizing data transmission efficiency while maintaining implementation simplicity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes key parameters such as code rate, block length, and segmentation granularity based on the specific transmission requirements. By adapting these parameters to the packet size and channel characteristics, the system achieves better channel capacity utilization without fundamentally changing the polar coding framework, thus preserving coding simplicity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP3497839B1Method and apparatuse for coding and decoding polar codes
Publication Date: 2025.09.10 ALCATEL LUCENT SA
  • EP3497839B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3497839B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3497839B1 patent drawingFigure 5

AI summary

The present disclosure provides optimized coding and decoding methods for polar codes and corresponding encoder and decoder. The coding method comprises: providing to-be-encoded input bits that include free bits and remaining bits; dividing the remaining bits into a plurality of fragments; providing a connection code; connecting one fragment of the remaining bits to the connection code to thereby form a connected fragment, while the remaining being still unconnected fragments; performing polarization coding to the free bits, the connected fragment, and the unconnected fragments to obtain the polar codes.