Polar Code Segmentation and Interleaving for Low-Latency Decoding
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Solution Overview
Problem
Polar codes experience increased decoding complexity and latency, particularly in medium to large block-lengths, limiting their adoption for high throughput regimes such as 5G NR eMBB data rates.
Innovation Solution
Polar codes are divided into multiple component codes, with determined index grouping and interleaving operations, allowing for early start decoding based on available timing units and decoder capabilities.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If CRC-aided list decoding is adopted for polar codes, then error correction performance is improved, but decoding complexity and latency increase
Solution Approach 1:
The polar code is divided into multiple component codes, where each component code can be decoded independently or in parallel. This segmentation reduces the overall decoding complexity while maintaining error correction performance through the use of CRC-aided list decoding on smaller, manageable code segments rather than one large code.
2Reliability
If CRC-aided list decoding is adopted for polar codes, then error correction performance is improved, but decoding latency increases
Solution Approach 1:
The decoder begins processing component codes as soon as their corresponding channel symbols are received, rather than waiting for all symbols to be received. This preliminary action on available data reduces decoding latency while maintaining reliability through CRC-aided list decoding on the processed component codes.
Solution Approach 2:
By segmenting the polar code into multiple component codes, the decoding process can be parallelized and started incrementally as data arrives, reducing overall decoding latency while maintaining error correction performance.
3Device complexity
If sequential decoding process is used for polar codes, then decoding complexity is reduced, but throughput is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The polar code is divided into multiple component codes that can be decoded in parallel, increasing throughput while keeping individual component code decoders relatively simple. This segmentation enables multiple decoding operations to occur simultaneously, breaking the throughput limitation of sequential decoding.
Solution Approach 2:
The decoding process transitions from a single-dimensional sequential approach to a multi-dimensional parallel approach by processing multiple component codes simultaneously, thereby increasing throughput without proportionally increasing the complexity of individual decoding units.
4Loss of time
If component codes with more timing units are used, then early start decoding is enabled, but interleaving depth requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The code is divided into component codes with carefully selected timing units that balance early start decoding capability with manageable interleaving depth. Each component code's timing unit structure is optimized to enable incremental decoding while limiting the required interleaving depth to practical levels.
Data Source
AI summary
A polar code may be initially divided into multiple polar component codes where the features of these component codes, such as the number of component codes and the size of the component codes, are determined based on parameters such as the number of available timing units within a transmission interval, interleaving depth, and decoder capability. For each selected component code, the order of code bit generation and their indexes may be determined. The determined indexes may be assigned into different, unique groups according to the order of code bit generation. An interleaving operation may be configured and then executed according to the determined index grouping. In the transmission phase, the code bits may be transmitted based on the identified order of the bit generation in the component polar codes, such as the determined index grouping.