Polar Code Encoder Padding for Variable Information Bits
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Solution Overview
Problem
Polar code encoders face challenges when the number of effective information bits in a code block is less than the number of effective input ports, as this prevents successful coding and transmission due to the fixed structure of existing polar code encoders.
Innovation Solution
A method is introduced to determine a quantity of padding bits to be added to the effective information bits, allowing successful coding by mapping these bits to less favorable compound channels, thereby enabling transmission even when the number of effective information bits is less than the number of input ports.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If a fixed structure polar code encoder is used with fixed quantity of effective input bits, then the encoder structure is simple and easy to implement, but coding cannot be performed when the quantity of effective information bits is less than the quantity of effective input ports
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-defining frozen bit positions and preparing the encoder structure in advance. The encoder is designed with predetermined frozen bit locations that are established before actual coding operations, allowing the system to handle variable data sizes without restructuring the encoder itself. This preliminary preparation enables the encoder to adapt to different information bit quantities while maintaining its fixed structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes parameter changes by varying the number of information bits and frozen bits while keeping the total code length constant. The system adjusts the information bit quantity parameter and correspondingly adjusts the frozen bit quantity parameter, allowing the same encoder structure to handle different data sizes. This parameter adjustment mechanism resolves the contradiction between fixed structure and variable data requirements.
2Reliability
If frozen bits are used to fill input ports when effective information bits are insufficient, then coding can be performed, but the transmission efficiency decreases due to fixed length requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses frozen bits as an intermediary element between the information source and the channel. These frozen bits serve as placeholders that enable the encoding process to proceed when information bits are insufficient, while being clearly distinguishable from actual information. The intermediary frozen bits facilitate reliable coding without requiring complex dynamic structure changes, thus maintaining transmission efficiency through systematic design.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the code structure into distinct segments: information bit segments and frozen bit segments. This segmentation allows the system to handle variable information bit quantities by adjusting the size of the information bit segment while keeping the frozen bit segment structure fixed. The segmented approach enables reliable coding for different data sizes without compromising overall transmission efficiency.
3Quantity of substance
If segmented coding is performed for large data blocks, then the data can be transmitted, but the coding complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses segmentation to divide large data blocks into multiple code blocks, each suitable for polar code encoding. By segmenting the input data into appropriate-sized chunks, the system can apply the fixed-structure polar code encoder to each segment independently, avoiding the need for complex modifications to the encoder itself. This segmentation approach handles large data quantities while maintaining relatively simple coding processes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-determining the segmentation strategy and frozen bit positions before actual encoding. The segmentation of large data blocks is performed in advance according to predetermined rules, and the encoder structure is prepared with predefined frozen bit locations. This preliminary preparation reduces the complexity of the actual coding process by eliminating the need for dynamic decision-making during encoding.
Data Source
AI summary
The invention provides a method and a communications device for transmitting information. The method includes: determining a quantity N of padding bits according to a quantity M of effective information bits included in a code block and a quantity L of effective input ports of a polar code encoder, where M and L are positive integers, and N is a difference between L and M; determining input bits that are to be input into the polar code encoder, where the input bits include the M effective information bits and the N padding bits; inputting, according to a mapping relationship between the L effective input ports and the input bits, the input bits into the polar code encoder through the L effective input ports to perform coding, so as to obtain coded bits; and transmitting the coded bits. This bit-padding manner has ensured successful information transmission.