Polar Code Scrambling for Implicit Control Data Transmission
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Solution Overview
Problem
Polar codes in 5G communication systems face challenges with high encoding and decoding complexity, non-parallelizability, and latency issues, especially for large block-lengths, despite offering ultrareliability for short-block lengths, which is crucial for control channels.
Innovation Solution
The method involves implicitly transmitting additional data using a scrambling sequence based on the additional data to be sent, selecting virtual channels with high reliability for transmission, and applying this sequence to the data bits, thereby reducing the coding rate and improving block error rate (BLER) performance without increasing encoding or decoding complexity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If Polar codes are used for large block-lengths, then coding rate and spectral efficiency improve, but encoding and decoding complexity increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the data block into multiple segments and processes them through different coding schemes. Specifically, it segments the control information into parts that can be encoded using simpler codes (like repetition or parity codes) while only the essential data requires full Polar coding, thereby reducing overall complexity while maintaining spectral efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different coding qualities to different parts of the data. Critical control information receives full Polar coding protection, while less critical portions use simpler coding schemes. This local differentiation optimizes the balance between complexity and performance by applying high-complexity coding only where absolutely necessary.
2Productivity
If Polar codes are used for large block-lengths, then coding rate improves, but latency increases due to non-parallelizability
Solution Approach 1:
By segmenting the data block into smaller units that can be processed independently, the patent enables parallel processing of multiple segments. This segmentation allows the system to achieve high coding rates while reducing latency, as multiple segments can be encoded and decoded simultaneously rather than sequentially.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies partial Polar coding to only the most critical portions of the data, using simpler coding for less critical parts. This partial application of the complex coding scheme reduces overall processing time and latency while maintaining adequate performance for the most important data elements.
3Reliability
If additional control information is transmitted explicitly, then reliability improves, but coding rate decreases and resource utilization worsens
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges control information with data information into a single coded block. By combining these previously separate transmissions into one unified code structure, the system achieves both high reliability for control information and efficient resource utilization, eliminating the need for separate explicit control channels that would reduce overall coding rate.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a universal coding scheme that handles both control information and data information within the same Polar code structure. This multi-functional approach allows the same coding mechanism to serve multiple purposes, achieving reliable control information transmission without sacrificing coding rate or requiring additional dedicated resources.
Data Source
AI summary
Methods and apparatus for transmitting and receiving data over a physical channel using a polar code are provided. The polar code defines a plurality of virtual channels within the physical channel and allocates a subset of the virtual channels for the transmission of data. The method for transmitting data: receives a block of data to be transmitted; receives additional data to be transmitted together with the block of data; selects one or more of the virtual channels; determines a scrambling sequence based on the additional data; applies the scrambling sequence to those bits of the block of data to generate a scrambled version of the block of data; and transmits the scrambled version of the block of data according to the polar code.