Polar Code Sub-Channel Selection for Higher-Order Modulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current polar code generation methods do not effectively match higher-order modulation schemes, leading to inconsistencies in energy distribution across bits in symbols, which affects transmission reliability and efficiency.
Innovation Solution
An encoding and decoding method that determines information sub-channels based on a reliability sequence constructed from the correlation between bits in a symbol, allowing for the selection of sub-channels with varying energy levels to encode and decode information bits, thereby matching higher-order modulation schemes without altering existing encoder and decoder designs.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) is used for generating polar code under higher-order modulation, then the encoding process can be simplified, but the construction result does not match the modulation scheme due to inconsistent energy distribution among bits
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by differentiating the treatment of bits based on their energy levels. Instead of uniform encoding, the method identifies and separately processes bits with different energy characteristics (e.g., first energy level bits vs. second energy level bits in QAM16). This allows the encoding scheme to adapt to the local energy distribution properties of higher-order modulation, resolving the mismatch between BICM construction and modulation scheme while maintaining manageable complexity.
2Ease of operation
If uniform energy distribution is assumed in polar code construction, then the encoding process becomes straightforward, but it fails to account for the actual energy inconsistency among bits in higher-order modulation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the parameter of energy distribution assumption from uniform to non-uniform. It introduces energy level classification (first energy level, second energy level) and adjusts the encoding process accordingly. This parameter change enables the polar code construction to accurately reflect the actual energy distribution in higher-order modulation schemes like QAM16, improving manufacturing precision without significantly complicating the overall construction process.
3Reliability
If existing encoder and decoder designs are modified to achieve better matching with higher-order modulation, then transmission reliability improves, but implementation costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the encoding process into distinct stages: energy level identification, information sub-channel determination based on energy levels, and separate processing of bits with different energy characteristics. This segmentation allows the system to achieve improved reliability through energy-aware encoding while keeping the overall design manageable by breaking down the complexity into modular, implementable steps that can be integrated into existing encoder and decoder frameworks.
Data Source
AI summary
An encoding method, a decoding method, and an apparatus. A symbol quantity S is determined based on an encoding bit quantity L and an energy level quantity B, where S is S1 or S2, S1=L/B, and S2=L/2B. K information sub-channels are determined from an encoding sequence based on the symbol quantity S, the energy level quantity B, and a reliability sequence. K information bits are encoded and a bit sequence is output based on the K information sub-channels, where the K information sub-channels are selected from candidate sub-channels based on an order of reliability of the candidate sub-channels. The candidate sub-channels are S1 sub-channels or 2×S2 sub-channels in a sub-sequence whose energy level is i in the encoding sequence.