Polar Coding Encryption with Multi-Key Access Constraint

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional encryption methods for data security in 5G wireless systems, such as AES and DES, are complex and vulnerable to unauthorized access, lacking effective multi-cipher security mechanisms.

Innovation Solution

Employ polar coding theory using two or more cipher keys, where a cipher key comprises a vector of cipher elements and another key comprises a set of indices corresponding to a subset matrix of a polarizing matrix, ensuring decryption requires all correct keys, making unauthorized access impossible.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional encryption algorithms (AES, DES) are used, then data security is provided, but the encryption system becomes complex and vulnerable to unauthorized access

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata securityVSAvoidencryption system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The encryption system is segmented into multiple independent cipher keys (first cipher key with vector of cipher elements, second cipher key with set of indices). Each key performs a distinct function in the polar coding process, dividing the encryption task into separable stages that collectively provide security while maintaining manageable complexity at each stage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a new dimensional approach to encryption by using polar coding theory with multiple cipher keys operating in different mathematical spaces (vector space for first key, index space for second key). This multi-dimensional key structure increases security without proportionally increasing operational complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Reliability

If single cipher key encryption is used, then encryption process is simple, but security against unauthorized access is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesecurity against unauthorized accessVSAvoidmulti-cipher key mechanism
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The single cipher key is segmented into multiple independent cipher keys with different functions. The first cipher key (vector of cipher elements) and second cipher key (set of indices) work together in a multi-key architecture, where each key contributes to security without requiring the entire system to become proportionally more complex.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The encryption process uses a nested structure where the first cipher key operates on the data vector to produce intermediate results, which are then processed by the second cipher key through polar coding. This nested application of multiple keys provides layered security similar to nested dolls, where each layer adds protection without exposing the inner layers.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

3Reliability

If polar coding with multiple cipher keys is implemented, then multi-cipher security mechanism is achieved, but encryption process complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemulti-cipher securityVSAvoidpolar coding implementation
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The polar coding encryption process is segmented into distinct operational stages: first applying the first cipher key to the data vector, then applying the second cipher key with polar coding matrix operations. This segmentation allows each stage to be optimized independently, providing strong multi-cipher security while managing implementation complexity through modular design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Data Source

PatentEP4094366B1Data privacy protection based polar coding
Publication Date: 2025.12.31 NOKIA TECHNOLOGIES OY
  • EP4094366B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4094366B1 patent drawingFigure 2(a)~2(c)
  • EP4094366B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage media for data encryption and decryption. In example embodiments, a first cipher key and a second cipher key are obtained. The first cipher key comprises a vector of cipher elements, and the second cipher key comprises a set of indices corresponding to a subset matrix of a polarizing matrix. A cipher vector is generated by polar coding of a data vector based on the first and second cipher keys and the polarizing matrix. The data and cipher vectors are combined for encryption of the data vector.