Polarized Light Sample Detection Device for Noise Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Fluorescent microscopes face challenges in obtaining clear images due to the rapid decrease in image sharpness with increased magnification, exacerbated by background noise from optical and mechanical sources, which limits the effectiveness of sample detection.
Innovation Solution
A sample detection device employing polarized light and lenses to reduce magnification and background noise, utilizing a first polarizer to direct polarized light towards the sample, a reflective member to refract light, and a second polarizer to block unwanted emission light, while an actuator and controller correct images by comparing positions to minimize noise.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If magnification is increased to observe sample details, then image detail resolution is improved, but image sharpness rapidly decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the polarization state parameter of light to resolve the contradiction. By using polarized light excitation and detecting polarized emission light, the system maintains high image sharpness even at low magnification, eliminating the need to increase magnification to achieve detail resolution.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies polarized light specifically to the excitation and detection paths, creating a localized optical property enhancement. This allows the system to achieve high contrast and sharpness in the detected signal without requiring high magnification, thus resolving the contradiction between detail resolution and image sharpness.
2Measurement precision
If magnification is increased to improve sample observation, then detail detection is enhanced, but background noise increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the polarized component of the emission light using a second polarizer, separating the useful signal from the background noise. By detecting only the polarized emission light, the system achieves high detail detection capability while effectively filtering out unpolarized background noise.
Solution Approach 2:
The polarizer acts as an intermediary element that selectively transmits polarized light while blocking unpolarized background noise. This mediator enables the system to achieve detailed sample observation without the background noise that would otherwise accompany high magnification.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If low magnification is used to reduce background noise, then signal-to-noise ratio is improved, but image detail resolution decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the detection parameter from intensity-based to polarization-state-based detection. By detecting the polarization state of emission light, the system achieves high detail resolution at low magnification, overcoming the limitation that normally forces a trade-off between noise reduction and detail resolution.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes polarization state changes as an optical property to differentiate sample signal from background noise. This is analogous to using color information, where the polarized emission light (useful signal) is distinguished from unpolarized background noise, enabling detailed observation without high magnification.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables clear sample imaging with reduced background noise and improved sharpness, achieving higher sensitivity and faster imaging times by maintaining low magnification and optimizing numerical aperture, significantly surpassing traditional methods in image clarity and efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
a first polarizer configured to allow first polarized light which is a part of incident light to pass therethrough by polarizing the incident light
Implementation Method 2
a reflective member configured to reflect the first polarized light to proceed toward the sample
Implementation Method 3
a first lens configured to refract reflection light reflected from the reflective member to proceed toward the sample
Implementation Method 4
emission light is emitted by an excitation of the sample when the first polarized light reaches the sample
Implementation Method 5
a second polarizer configured to polarize light; and a detection unit configured to detect second polarized light having passed the second polarizer
Implementation Method 6
a second lens configured to refract the second polarized light to proceed toward the detection unit
Data Source
AI summary
A sample detection device includes a first polarizer configured to allow part of incident light to pass therethrough by polarizing the incident light, a stage disposed on a path of light having passed the first polarizer, the stage allowing a sample to be seated thereon, a second polarizer configured to polarize light and a detection unit configured to detect light having passed the second polarizer and to generate a detection signal. The first polarizer allows first polarized light oscillating in a first direction to proceed toward the sample when the incident light reaches the first polarizer. Emission light is emitted by an excitation of the sample when the first polarized light reaches the sample. The second polarizer allows second polarized light oscillating in a second direction to proceed toward the detection unit when the emission light reaches the second polarizer.