Polyamide Resin Mechanical Strength and Elongation Balance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing polyether amides used in medical devices lack sufficient mechanical strength, elasticity, and breaking elongation, and the polymerization process often results in thermal degradation and coloration issues due to low reactivity of diamine compounds.
Innovation Solution
A polyamide resin is developed with a specific composition including units represented by formulas (A) to (E), which provides a balanced mechanical strength and elasticity, achieved through a method involving the reaction of aminocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, diamines, and trifunctional compounds using a melt kneading process.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If polyether amide is used with polyoxyalkylene having alkylene group containing 3 or more carbon atoms, then elasticity and impact resistance are improved, but mechanical strength such as breaking elongation and breaking strength remains insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by introducing specific units: unit (a) with long linear saturated hydrocarbon groups (6-18 carbon atoms), unit (b) with dicarboxylic acid structures, unit (c) with saturated hydrocarbon diamine groups (2-12 carbon atoms), and unit (e) with trifunctional compounds. This parameter optimization achieves breaking elongation of 200% or more and breaking strength of 20 MPa or more, resolving the insufficiency of mechanical strength while maintaining elasticity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite polyamide resin structure combining multiple functional units: polyamide hard segments from units (a) and (b), polyether flexible segments from unit (d), and crosslinking agents from unit (e). This composite architecture integrates the advantages of different material components to achieve both high elasticity and sufficient mechanical strength simultaneously.
2Reliability
If diamine compounds with low reactivity are used for polymerization, then polymerization can proceed, but thermal degradation and coloration occur during the long polymerization process
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes polymerization parameters by using diamine compounds with controlled reactivity and specific molecular weights (100-1000). It also optimizes reaction temperature (150-300°C), time (1-24 hours), and monomer ratios to achieve complete polymerization without thermal degradation or coloration, even when using less reactive diamine compounds.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces trifunctional compounds (unit e) as intermediaries that facilitate crosslinking and enhance polymerization efficiency. These intermediaries enable the polymerization process to proceed completely without requiring excessively high temperatures or prolonged times that would cause thermal degradation.
3Productivity
If polyether diamine compounds with limited carbon atom numbers are used, then polymerization reactivity is improved, but breaking strength of the resin becomes insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the carbon atom number parameter of diamine compounds to 2-12 atoms, balancing reactivity and strength. It also introduces unit (a) with long linear saturated hydrocarbon groups (6-18 carbon atoms) and unit (e) with trifunctional compounds to compensate for any strength deficiency, achieving breaking strength of 20 MPa or more while maintaining good polymerization reactivity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite structure combining polyether diamine units (d) with long hydrocarbon units (a) and trifunctional units (e). This composite architecture allows the use of diamine compounds with moderate carbon atom numbers while still achieving sufficient breaking strength through the synergistic effect of different units working together.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The polyamide resin exhibits improved mechanical characteristics such as enhanced breaking strength and elongation, preventing thermal degradation and coloration, making it suitable for medical devices like catheter balloons.
Implementation Method 1
a block polyether amide that is obtained by condensation polymerization of a certain polyamide having a carboxyl group on both ends, polyoxyalkylene having an amino group on both ends and having an alkylene group containing 3 or more carbon atoms, and a certain diamine
Implementation Method 2
polyether amide that is obtained by polycondensation of a polyamide-forming monomer, polyoxyalkylene having an amino group on both ends and having an alkylene group containing 3 or more carbon atoms, certain diamine, and certain amount of dicarboxylic acid
Implementation Method 3
a polyamide elastomer that is obtained by polymerization of (A) a polyamide-forming monomer selected from certain aminocarboxylic acid compounds and certain lactam compounds, (B) at least one diamine compound selected from polyether diamines having a polytetramethylene oxide (PTMO) skeleton, branched diamines, branched alicyclic diamines, and norbornane diamines, and (C) a certain dicarboxylic acid compound
Data Source
AI summary
A polyamide resin with an excellent balance of mechanical characteristics such as breaking strength and breaking elongation in a solid state, a molded body containing said polyamide resin, a laminate provided with a film or a sheet containing said polyamide resin, a medical device provided with the aforementioned molded body and/or the aforementioned laminate, and a production method of the aforementioned polyamide resin are provided. A polyamide resin is used which contains: a linear aliphatic dicarbonyl unit as unit (a); a linear aliphatic diamino unit as unit (b); at least one of a unit (b) and a unit (c), each of a prescribed structure; and a trivalent unit (e).