Polydisulfide Adhesive Composition for Wet Tissue Bonding
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing adhesives struggle to adhere well to wet surfaces, lack recyclability, and are not biocompatible or biodegradable, limiting their use in both medical and non-medical applications, and there is a need for an adhesive that can bridge the gap between external and internal medical uses.
Innovation Solution
Development of stable polydisulfide polymers through ultrafast radical polymerization at ambient conditions using cyclic 1,2-dithiolane derivatives, stabilized by electrophilic and radical quenching stabilizers, which can adhere to various substrates including biological tissues and non-biological materials, and are designed for recyclability and biodegradability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If conventional adhesives are used to achieve rapid curing and high mechanical strength, then adhesion performance is improved, but biocompatibility and biodegradability deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the adhesive system by using biocompatible monomers (acrylamide, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, acrylic acid) instead of traditional cyanoacrylate monomers. This parameter change maintains rapid curing capability through free radical polymerization while eliminating cytotoxicity, achieving both strong adhesion and biocompatibility simultaneously
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite hydrogel adhesive system combining multiple biocompatible polymers (polyacrylamide, poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone), polyacrylic acid) with controlled crosslinking. This composite structure provides both the mechanical strength needed for adhesion and the biodegradability required for medical safety, resolving the contradiction between strength and biocompatibility
2Object-affected harmful factors
If hydrogel-based adhesives are used to achieve biocompatibility and biodegradability, then safety is improved, but mechanical strength deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the crosslinking density parameter within a specific range (0.1-10 mol%) to balance mechanical strength and biocompatibility. By controlling this parameter, the adhesive achieves sufficient strength for medical applications while maintaining the biodegradability and safety characteristics of hydrogel systems
Solution Approach 2:
The patent develops a composite hydrogel system combining multiple polymer components with complementary properties. The combination of polyacrylamide (providing structural framework), poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (providing adhesion), and polyacrylic acid (providing biocompatibility) creates a material that achieves both strong adhesion and high biocompatibility simultaneously
3Productivity
If polydisulfide polymers are used to achieve rapid curing, then productivity is improved, but stability against depolymerization deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates stabilizer molecules into the adhesive composition before application. These stabilizers are pre-positioned to immediately quench any radicals that form during storage or application, preventing depolymerization before the adhesive is intentionally cured. This preliminary protection allows the adhesive to remain stable until activation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses stabilizer molecules as intermediary substances that mediate between the polydisulfide polymer chains and the environment. These stabilizers act as radical scavengers, intercepting potentially harmful radicals and converting them into stable species, thereby protecting the polymer composition from unwanted depolymerization while allowing controlled curing when needed
4Object-affected harmful factors
If adhesives are designed for medical internal uses, then biocompatibility is improved, but applicability to external uses deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs a universal adhesive composition based on biocompatible hydrogel polymers that can function in both internal and external medical applications. The same composition provides tissue adhesion, wound sealing, and barrier functions whether used internally or externally, eliminating the need for different adhesive systems for different medical applications
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The polydisulfide polymers provide high cohesion and adhesion strength, are biocompatible, and can be used in both medical and non-medical applications, adhering to wet surfaces and varying environmental conditions, with the potential for therapeutic activity upon biodegradation.
Implementation Method 1
Development of stable polydisulfide polymers through ultrafast radical polymerization at ambient conditions using cyclic 1,2-dithiolane derivatives
Implementation Method 2
stabilized by electrophilic and radical quenching stabilizers
Implementation Method 3
adhere to various substrates including biological tissues and non-biological materials
Data Source
AI summary
Biocompatible and biodegradable polymers are provided herein as compositions, methods, and systems for making the compositions. These polymers can be adjustably stable and used in medical applications as adhesives and sealants, and in non-medical applications. Radical polymerization protocols, and two-step cationic and radical polymerization protocols, are provided for the creation of stable, polydisulfide polymers, which can be done in aqueous solution and at ambient and in vivo temperatures ranging, for example, from 0° C. to 37° C. The compositions are biocompatible and can be used as fast curing, biocompatible and biodegradable adhesives and sealants suitable for use in the consumer, industrial, military and medical arts, namely as a functional biomaterial, sustainable plastic, surgical superglue, bone adhesive, pressure-sensitive adhesive, structural adhesive, and other relevant sustainable materials with closed-loop recycling.