High Molecular Weight Polyesteramide Interlayers for Laminated Glass
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional polymeric interlayers for laminated glass struggle to balance rigidity, impact resistance, and optical clarity, often compromising on one property to enhance another, which is inadequate for structural and aesthetic applications requiring both strength and clarity.
Innovation Solution
The development of high molecular weight polyesteramides with specific compositions that include diacids, glycols, diamines, and chain extenders, which provide a balance of toughness, adhesion, and optical properties by controlling molecular weight distribution and branching, resulting in interlayers with improved rigidity, impact resistance, and clarity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If the rigidity of conventional interlayers is increased, then structural support properties are improved, but impact resistance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the molecular parameters of the polyesteramide polymer by controlling molecular weight (inherent viscosity 0.6-2.0 dL/g), composition ratios (diacid, glycol, diamine equivalents), and adding chain extenders (0.01-10 wt%). These parameter changes enable simultaneous achievement of high rigidity and impact resistance that cannot be obtained with conventional interlayers
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite polyesteramide system combining multiple functional components: diacids, glycols, diamines forming the base polyesteramide structure, and chain extenders (such as epoxides, isocyanates, or carbodiimides) that react with terminal groups to extend chains. This composite approach allows optimization of both rigidity and impact resistance through synergistic interactions between components
2Illumination intensity
If optical clarity is enhanced, then aesthetic properties are improved, but structural performance may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes composition parameters (diacid 10-90 mol%, glycol 10-90 mol%, diamine 10-90 mol%) and molecular weight parameters (inherent viscosity 0.6-2.0 dL/g) to achieve a balance where the interlayer maintains excellent optical clarity (low haze, no yellowing) while simultaneously providing required structural performance for architectural applications
3Reliability
If molecular weight is increased to improve toughness, then impact resistance is improved, but processability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the inherent viscosity parameter to a specific range (0.6-2.0 dL/g) that corresponds to optimal molecular weight. This parameter optimization ensures the polyesteramide has sufficient molecular weight for toughness and impact resistance, while remaining processable using conventional melt processing techniques for producing interlayer sheets
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces chain extenders as intermediary substances that react with terminal functional groups (carboxyl, hydroxyl, or amine groups) of the polyesteramide chains. These chain extenders (epoxides, isocyanates, carbodiimides at 0.01-10 wt%) enable molecular weight enhancement and toughness improvement without requiring excessive base polymer molecular weight, thereby maintaining good processability
Data Source
AI summary
The invention provides certain polyesteramide compositions which have glass transition temperatures (Tg) of greater than or equal to 0° C. The polyesteramides of the invention are useful as polymeric interlayers for laminate structures, for example, safety glass, where excellent toughness is combined with high adhesion to glass.